| Louis Agassiz | | | 1830 | 1833 | Georges (Jean) Léopold Nicolas Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier (post-doc) |
| Raymond Aron | | | | | |
| Edouard-Gérard Balbiani | | | | | |
| Karim Benchenane | electrophysiology, brain oscillations, sleep, brain states, hippocampus | | | | Adrien Peyrache (collaborator), Sidney I. Wiener (post-doc), Francesco P. Battaglia (post-doc) |
| Philippe Benda | Glial cells, Hypothalamus | | | | |
| Alain Berthoz | | | | | |
| Emmanuel Bui-quoc | | | | | Chantal Milleret (grad student) |
| erika cerasti | Memory, Hippocampus, Computational Neuroscience | | | | |
| Pierre Chambon | | | 1953 | 1958 | Paul Mandel (grad student) |
| John Ozro Corliss | Protistology | | 1951 | 1952 | Emmanuel Fauré-Fremiet (post-doc) |
| Valérie Cornilleau-Pérès | | | | | |
| Glenn Dallérac | synaptic plasticity | | | | Valérie Doyère (post-doc), Cyrille P. Vaillend (post-doc), Kerry PSJ Murphy (grad student), Nathalie Rouach (post-doc) |
| Mickael Derangeon | gap junctions | | 2008 | | Nathalie Rouach (post-doc) |
| Georges Duby | | | | | |
| Alfred Fessard | | | | | Henri Piéron (post-doc) |
| Christian Giaume | gap junctions, glia, neuroglial interactions | | | | |
| Julie Grezes | | | | | |
| Wilhelm Griesinger | Psychiatry, Neurology | | | | François Magendie (grad student) |
| Roger Guillemin | Neuroendocrinology | | | | |
| Jean Christophe Houzel | cortical networks, degeneration | | 1988 | 1996 | Chantal Milleret (grad student) |
| Kinga Igloi | Spatial memory | | 2004 | | Alain Berthoz (grad student) |
| Antoine Lacassagne | radiation therapy | | | | |
| Jacques Le Magnen | | | | | |
| Nicolas Maingret | Systems Neuroscience, Hippocampus, Learning and Memory | | | | |
| Chantal Milleret | | | | | |
| Stephane NEDELEC | Neurosciences, development, biology | CRIB | 2000 | 2005 | Alain Prochiantz (grad student) |
| Ulrike Pannasch | neuroglial interactions | | 2006 | | Nathalie Rouach (post-doc) |
| Anne-Lise Paradis | visual perception, attention, spatial navigation, cerebellum | LPPA | 1997 | 2001 | Valérie Cornilleau-Pérès (grad student) |
| Adrien Peyrache | Neurophysiology, memory, sleep | | | | Sidney I. Wiener (grad student) |
| Henri Piéron | | | | | |
| Alain Prochiantz | | | | | |
| Petrus Ramus | philosophy | | | 1536 | Jacques Toussain (grad student) |
| Louis-Antoine Ranvier | | | | | Claude Bernard (research scientist) |
| Jérôme Ribot | | | 2008 | | Chantal Milleret (post-doc) |
| Charles Robert Richet | Neuroanatomy | | 1876 | 1882 | Pierre Eugène Marcellin Berthelot (grad student) |
| Nathalie Rochefort | | | 2002 | 2006 | Chantal Milleret (grad student) |
| Jean Pierre Rossier | Neocortex, interneuron, single-cell RT-PCR | | 1970 | 1975 | Philippe Benda (grad student) |
| Nathalie Rouach | neuroglial interactions, receptors trafficking, gap junctions | | 1998 | 2002 | Christian Giaume (grad student) |
| Jean-Pierre Serre | Mathematics, Algebraic topology, Algebraic geometry, Algebraic number theory. | | | | |
| Luis Simarro-Lacabra | | | 1880 | 1885 | Louis-Antoine Ranvier (post-doc) |
| Friedrich Tiedemann | Anatomy and Physiology | | 1804 | 1805 | Georges (Jean) Léopold Nicolas Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier (post-doc) |
| Silvana Valtcheva | STDP, glutamate transporters, astrocytes, experience-dependent plasticity, PVN, oxytocin, maternal behavior | Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology | 2012 | 2016 | Laurent Venance (grad student) |
| Johan van Heurne | medicine | | | 1566 | Petrus Ramus (research assistant) |
| Laurent Venance | | | | | |
| Eliza T Wiener | Teneurin, Basal Ganglia | | | | Laurent Venance (research assistant) |
| Theodor Zwinger, Sr. | Medicina theorica | | | 1553 | Petrus Ramus (research assistant) |