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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, Margaret A. MacNeil is the likely recipient of the following grants.
Years |
Recipients |
Code |
Title / Keywords |
Matching score |
2004 — 2007 |
Macneil, Margaret |
S06Activity Code Description: To strengthen the biomedical research and research training capability of ethnic minority institutions, and thus establish a more favorable milieu for increasing the involvement of minority faculty and students in biomedical research. |
The Shape and Circuitry of Neurons in the Retina
The major classes of retina neurons that make synapses in the inner plexiform layer have been identified in rabbit retina: amacrine cells, ganglion cells and now bipolar cells. These cells have been classified morphologically, based on the breadth of their processes, their depth within the inner plexiform layer and the subtle peculiarities in the branching and morphology of their processes. Perhaps the biggest surprise has been the generalization that each of the three cell types is distributed numerically in a rather even way with no particular cell type predominating. This suggests that the rabbit retina has numerous parallel channels, with at least a dozen being given equal weight. Now that the types of cells have been identified, the next problem is to tease apart the multiple parallel microcircuits that exist in the retina. We propose to sort out some of these circuits by looking at cells that interact with directionally selective (DS) ganglion cells. Using combination of techniques that includes microinjection, immunocytochemistry, electron microscopy and photofilling, we propose to study: 1) whether the ON arbor of a DS ganglion cell receives input from multiple bipolar cell types; 2) whether the dendrites of starburst amacrine cells selectively wire with DS ganglion cells on their null, and not on their preferred side; and 3) whether the ON and OFF arbors of the DS ganglion cell receive common input from a single amacrine cell type. This research is important because it is helping to reveal circuits in the retina that contribute to visual processing. By identifying the different circuits that are formed by retinal cells, we may eventually be able to pinpoint the sources of retinal dysfunction.
|
0.915 |
2009 — 2012 |
Macneil, Margaret |
SC3Activity Code Description: Individual investigator-initiated research projects for faculty at MSIs to conduct research of limited scope in environments with limited research infrastructure/facilities. |
The Shape and Circuitry of Neurons in the Retina.
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Damage to primary visual cortex early in life results in a massive reorganization within the brain. The cortico-cortical projections within the cortex reorganize the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus degenerates and 90% of 2 ganglion cells in the retina die. These changes take place quickly because if the lesion takes place one month later, there is less reorganization in the cortex and LGN and the retinal ganglion cells survive. The purpose of this proposal is to test whether removing a select population of ganglion cells at a vulnerable stage in development will impact the survival of presynaptic cells. We propose to take a simple approach: remove a single type of ganglion cell during a critical stage in development, count the various cell classes that are present and screen for specific bipolar and amacrine cell types with commercially available markers. Our preliminary results suggest that transneuronal retrograde degeneration of 2 ganglion cells after early lesions of primary visual cortex alters the composition of the INL in a cell-specific way. This approach is unique because we are eliminating a single population of ganglion cell without knocking out regulatory genes or physically manipulating the retina to see whether specific presynaptic cells are directly impacted by death of their targets. This research is important because it may reveal the retinal circuits that are most affected following damage to visual cortex as well as ones that could be exploited in people suffering from visual deficits due to brain trauma or neurodegenerative disease. Public Health Relevance: The purpose of this proposal is to investigate whether damage to visual cortex and subsequent loss of retinal ganglion cells from the retina induces reorganization of the inner nuclear layer in the retina. This research is important because it may reveal the retinal circuits that are most affected following damage to visual cortex as well as ones that could be exploited in people suffering from visual deficits due to brain trauma or neurodegenerative disease.
|
0.915 |