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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, Jill Hooley is the likely recipient of the following grants.
Years |
Recipients |
Code |
Title / Keywords |
Matching score |
1987 — 1992 |
Hooley, Jill M |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Expressed Emotion and Relapse in Schizophrenic Patients
Psychiatric patients living with critical relatives suffer relapse rates that are 4 - 5 times higher than the averages for patients not living in such families. Despite the consistency with which this finding has been replicated across laboratories in the United States and Europe, the criticism-relapse link -- most typically operationalized in terms of the expressed emotion (EE) construct -- is still poorly understood; it remains an important body of data in search of an explanation. Moreover, it has become increasingly clear that further demonstrations of the EE-relapse link will contribute little to our understanding of psychiatric relapse in the absence of an understanding of why the link exists. This questions forms the primary focus of this proposal. An intensive, 3 year longitudinal study is proposed to investigate the association between psychiatric relapse and family criticism in sample of 60 DSM-III diagnosed schizophrenic patients. The study focuses on characteristics of patients and relatives that have been linked empirically to high rates of relapse. Central to the investigation is a test of 3 competing explanatory models of the criticism-relapse link: (1) criticism is a more or less trait-like characteristic of certain family members that is indepentent of specific characteristics of the patient's disorder; (2) criticism from family members is engendered by specific, identifiable characteristics of patients' disorders; (3) characteristics of patient and relatives operate together in theoretically coherent ways to increase the risk of psychiatric morbidity in some patients. Based on our pilot work, we believe that relatives' attributions about patients' abilities to control their symptoms may be an important mediating variable between manifest psychopathology and family supportiveness. An attributional model of expressed emotion is proposed, and several related hypotheses are tested.
|
0.958 |
2002 — 2003 |
Hooley, Jill M |
R21Activity Code Description: To encourage the development of new research activities in categorical program areas. (Support generally is restricted in level of support and in time.) |
The Neural Correlates of Criticism and Praise
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Criticism from others is an unpleasant but inevitable aspect of social interaction. Although most people deal with criticism without adverse emotional consequences, the neural processes that mediate exposure to such a socially threatening stimulus are, as yet, unknown. Understanding the neural basis of criticism is important because criticism is known to be highly predictive of symptomatic relapse in people who are susceptible to mood disorders. Knowing how emotionally healthy and emotionally vulnerable persons process highly self-relevant social stimuli such as criticism and praise is therefore of great importance. This study uses fMRI to examine the effects of both criticism and praise on levels of neural activity in selected brain regions in a sample of currently depressed, recovered depressed, and never depressed participants. Patterns of activation in response to neutral statements are also explored. The focus is on three brain regions thought to be involved in the experience of emotion: amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. All three regions are part of a limbic loop that is thought to mediate emotional experience, and may play a significant role in the expression of depressive symptoms. By taking criticism, a psychosocial stressor known to predict relapse in depression, and using it as a stimulus in an fMRI paradigm, this research holds the potential to provide much-needed information on normative aspects of emotional processing, shed light on the nature of vulnerability to depression, and provide insights into the neuroanatomy involved in the psychiatric relapse process.
|
0.958 |