2001 |
Rodebaugh, Thomas L |
F31Activity Code Description: To provide predoctoral individuals with supervised research training in specified health and health-related areas leading toward the research degree (e.g., Ph.D.). |
Video Feedback/Cognitive Preparation For Speech Anxiety @ University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Models of social phobia suggest that unrealistically negative self- perceptions of performance are a significant factor in the maintenance of chronic social anxiety. Recent evidence has suggested that videotape feedback of speeches can create positive change in the self-perception of anxious public speakers. Furthermore, video feedback has appeared most effective when (1) participants show particularly distorted negative self-perceptions and (2) the intervention is preceded by a cognitive preparation, during which participants are encouraged to form a vivid image of what they expect to see on the videotape. The proposed research is designed to more stringently evaluate the above conclusions, with additional tests of participant personality variables that, given current theories of social anxiety, should interfere with the effects of video feedback. A test of whether the effects of these personality variables are moderated by the use of cognitive preparation will also be included. Finally, the role of self-efficacy, a construct that has been shown to be related to change in phobic behavior, will be evaluated in regard to the video feedback paradigm. In order to address the above questions, approximately 120 speech-anxious undergraduate students will receive two sessions of video feedback either (a) with cognitive preparation or (b) with a placebo preparation. Analyses will include ANOVA, regression analyses, and a form of structural equation modeling.
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0.937 |
2010 — 2011 |
Rodebaugh, Thomas L |
R21Activity Code Description: To encourage the development of new research activities in categorical program areas. (Support generally is restricted in level of support and in time.) |
Behavioral Economic Assessment of Interpersonal Impairment in Generalized Sad
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Generalized social anxiety disorder (GSAD) is a public health problem. Many forms of treatment are at least moderately successful, but there is clearly room for improvement. One potential area for improvement is in reducing interpersonal impairment. Beyond the fact that it exists, little is known about the interpersonal impairment conferred by GSAD. This proposal focuses on behavioral economic tasks as a potential means of assessing interpersonal impairment beyond self-report. A major problem with existing studies of behavioral economic tasks is that the tasks used lack sufficient evidence of validity: Direct evidence that such tasks correlate with actual interpersonal behavior is lacking. The proposed study tests whether participants with GSAD differ from participants without on the iterated prisoner's dilemma. It further tests whether behavior on this behavioral economic task predicts face-to-face interpersonal behavior. There are two expected end results of this research. The first is a clearer understanding of the nature of the interpersonal impairment in GSAD. The second is a validated behavioral economic method of assessing interpersonal impairment. If the iterated prisoner's dilemma is found to relate to face-to-face interaction, further examination of the biological substrates of social behavior using such tasks will be justified. The task could also be used to assess the efficacy of existing treatment in reducing interpersonal impairment, both in GSAD and other disorders. In addition, it could be used to evaluate novel interventions designed specifically to improve interpersonal functioning. Such projects are necessary to the full realization of Strategic Objective 3 of the NIMH strategic plan, which calls for addressing the diverse needs of people with mental disorders, moving beyond measures of symptoms alone. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Social anxiety, and more particularly generalized social anxiety disorder (GSAD), is a public health problem with no ideal treatment. The problem is described as fundamentally interpersonal, and our lack of information regarding interpersonal dysfunction in the disorder might be one reason our treatments are often not successful. The current project will provide information about interpersonal impairment that may improve treatment of GSAD and enhance our ability to understand interpersonal impairment conferred by other disorders.
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1 |
2019 — 2021 |
Piccirillo, Jay F. Rodebaugh, Thomas L |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Measurement of Individualized Factors Associated With Tinnitus Burden
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT In response to the guidelines of the PAR-18-352 Funding Opportunity Announcement, this project is proposing a data and analysis method for the reliable and accurate personalized characterization of tinnitus. Bothersome tinnitus is an enormous source of suffering and disability. It is estimated that nearly 15% of the general public ? over 50 million Americans ? experience some form of tinnitus. The proposed study will assess a new methodology to combine ecological momentary assessment (EMA)-based, intensely longitudinal data with new analytical techniques. The study hypothesis is that the capture of tinnitus patients? individual profiles will allow prediction of the currently puzzling heterogeneity of both treatment response and neuroimaging findings. This will be a single arm, longitudinal study design with repeat assessments, and 110 participants will be recruited from Washington University. Participants will be expected to complete 4 EMA surveys via smartphone every day for 3 weeks for a total of 84 pre-CBT surveys. Participants will also undergo resting-state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fcMRI) prior to the start of CBT. Tinnitus offers a particularly appropriate condition to illustrate the utility of improved and reliable personalized assessment because of the heterogeneity in both neuroimaging and treatment findings. The Specific Aims are: (1) To obtain person-specific drivers of tinnitus through personalized ambulatory assessment and ML- DSEM analyses. (2) To examine the relationship between ML-DSEM-defined drivers of tinnitus and patient response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). (3) To examine the association between ML-DSEM-defined drivers of tinnitus, treatment response, and neuroimaging. The successful conduct of the proposed research will advance tinnitus research through improved patient assessment and data analytical techniques, which will result in greater efficacy of clinical trials and move patient care toward personalized medicine. Such an approach is widely applicable to health conditions that are heterogeneous and widely variable over time. Eventually, a clinician could order the acquisition of longitudinal data through a website or app, which would then render an informative personalized model based on the new analytical techniques described in this research. In this way, the end result of this research could be the true realization of personalized medicine in clinical practice.
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