1993 |
Prichep, Leslie S |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Psychopathology, Gender, and Cocaine Withdrawal
This study will investigate the interactions between gender, behavior and psychopathology in the cocaine withdrawal syndrome. Anhedonia, cocaine craving, neuropsychological impairments and electrophysiological evidence of brain dysfunction may be manifestations of neuroadaptation in cocaine withdrawal, the evolution of which will be studied over a six month period of time. We will test 60 men and 60 women with a diagnosis of DSMIIIR cocaine dependence in the form of crack who are without other substance dependence diagnoses. Subjects will be recruited upon their entrance to residential treatment at Phoenix House, a large therapeutic community in New York City. This population is predominantly inner city minority, and contains many individuals who could be regarded as "hardcore" users of crack cocaine. Patients will be evaluated utilizing the SCID I and II, Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), The Hamilton and Beck Depression and Anxiety Scales, and Analog Craving Scale, a Structured Interview for Family History using RDC Criteria (FHRDC), the Sociopathy Checklist Revised (SCLR), a structured clinical database currently in use at Phoenix House as well as a brief neuropsychological battery testing memory and attention. Retention in treatment for crack cocaine dependence may be significantly affected by comorbid psychiatric symptoms and gender, with depression mediating treatment failure in females and antisocial personality traits mediating failure in males. We further predict that these two groups of treatment resistant patients will differ from subjects retained in treatment and from one another with respect to their pattern of scores on personality dimensions as conceptualized by the three dimensional model proposed by Cloninger. Differential electrophysiological profiles of these two groups of patients will also be sought.
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0.958 |
1994 — 1996 |
Prichep, Leslie S |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Psychopathology, Gender and Cocaine Withdrawal
This study will investigate the interactions between gender, behavior and psychopathology in the cocaine withdrawal syndrome. Anhedonia, cocaine craving, neuropsychological impairments and electrophysiological evidence of brain dysfunction may be manifestations of neuroadaptation in cocaine withdrawal, the evolution of which will be studied over a six month period of time. We will test 60 men and 60 women with a diagnosis of DSMIIIR cocaine dependence in the form of crack who are without other substance dependence diagnoses. Subjects will be recruited upon their entrance to residential treatment at Phoenix House, a large therapeutic community in New York City. This population is predominantly inner city minority, and contains many individuals who could be regarded as "hardcore" users of crack cocaine. Patients will be evaluated utilizing the SCID I and II, Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), The Hamilton and Beck Depression and Anxiety Scales, and Analog Craving Scale, a Structured Interview for Family History using RDC Criteria (FHRDC), the Sociopathy Checklist Revised (SCLR), a structured clinical database currently in use at Phoenix House as well as a brief neuropsychological battery testing memory and attention. Retention in treatment for crack cocaine dependence may be significantly affected by comorbid psychiatric symptoms and gender, with depression mediating treatment failure in females and antisocial personality traits mediating failure in males. We further predict that these two groups of treatment resistant patients will differ from subjects retained in treatment and from one another with respect to their pattern of scores on personality dimensions as conceptualized by the three dimensional model proposed by Cloninger. Differential electrophysiological profiles of these two groups of patients will also be sought.
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0.958 |
1997 — 2000 |
Prichep, Leslie S |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Biobehavioral Heterogeneity in Crack Cocaine Dependence @ New York University School of Medicine
This continuation application takes its impetus from the significant findings of the current study, which reported the existence of a characteristic profile of quantitative EEG (QEEG) changes associated with cocaine dependence, and demonstrated persistence of this profile during six months of abstinence. Further, subtypes were found with distinctive QEEG profiles at baseline (5-14 days abstinent). Significant interactions existed between QEEG subtype, gender, comorbidity, and treatment outcome; A regression equation using a subset of QEEG baseline measures yielded highly significant (p
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0.958 |
2001 — 2003 |
Prichep, Leslie S |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Biobehavioral Heterogeneity of Crack Cocaine Dependence @ New York University School of Medicine
DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) During the period of our ongoing study we have published results demonstrating the existence of a characteristic replicable and persistent profile of quantitative EEG (QEEG) abnormalities associated with long-term cocaine dependence. Electrophysiological heterogeneity (QEEG subtypes) existed at baseline, independent of length of exposure to cocaine, but significantly related to length of stay in treatment (continued abstinence). Significant interactions between subtype membership, comorbidity and gender were found to exist. An electrophysiological database has been constructed containing EEG, EP, neuropsychological, demographic and clinical data, collected from 452 evaluations from 149 subjects, at baseline and follow-up intervals of up to 18 months sustained abstinence. Preliminary study has revealed that some QEEG features persist while others move toward normal with sustained abstinence. Normalization, when it occurred, was at different rates for different QEEG features and significantly interacted with gender. This renewal application has been designed to examine the implications and significance of the results of the previous years of study, and will allow us to: [11 identify the specific features of the QEEG profile which remain abnormal in the chronic cocaine users during prolonged abstinence, and to study the incidence of such features in order to determine whether these are 'traits present prior to initiation of cocaine use or develop with chronic exposure. We hypothesize that the delta deficit in frontal cortex found in all subtypes may be such a 'trait, reflecting decreased activity of delta generating neurons in lower cortical layers as a consequence of decreased dopaminergic thalamo-cortical drive and predict that it will appear with high incidence in non-drug using siblings; [2] identify the specific features of the QEEG profile which reflect an abnormal 'state', becoming more normal with prolonged abstinence, and predict that it will not display higher incidence in non-using siblings. We hypothesize that the global alpha excess is such a feature, probably reflecting decreased ascending reticular activation of thalamo-cortical interactions, as a consequence of either deficient serotonergic transmission or striatal-nigral inhibition, and that it will gradually normalize during prolonged abstinence; [3] determine whether gender significantly interacts with change of abnormal features with sustained abstinence; [4] determine if additional features become more normal with confirmed abstinence extending to 24 months. Application of new mathematical algorithms will permit identification of the most probable neuroanatomical sources generating the QEEG, which may improve understanding of underlying mechanisms and help target new medications.
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0.958 |