2006 — 2007 |
Fan, Jin |
M01Activity Code Description: An award made to an institution solely for the support of a General Clinical Research Center where scientists conduct studies on a wide range of human diseases using the full spectrum of the biomedical sciences. Costs underwritten by these grants include those for renovation, for operational expenses such as staff salaries, equipment, and supplies, and for hospitalization. A General Clinical Research Center is a discrete unit of research beds separated from the general care wards. |
Neural Correlates of Emotion &Regulation in Adult Volunteers @ Mount Sinai School of Medicine of Nyu |
0.991 |
2006 — 2007 |
Fan, Jin |
M01Activity Code Description: An award made to an institution solely for the support of a General Clinical Research Center where scientists conduct studies on a wide range of human diseases using the full spectrum of the biomedical sciences. Costs underwritten by these grants include those for renovation, for operational expenses such as staff salaries, equipment, and supplies, and for hospitalization. A General Clinical Research Center is a discrete unit of research beds separated from the general care wards. |
Neural Correlates of Response Anticipation &Cognitive Control in Ed @ Mount Sinai School of Medicine of Nyu |
0.991 |
2006 — 2009 |
Fan, Jin |
M01Activity Code Description: An award made to an institution solely for the support of a General Clinical Research Center where scientists conduct studies on a wide range of human diseases using the full spectrum of the biomedical sciences. Costs underwritten by these grants include those for renovation, for operational expenses such as staff salaries, equipment, and supplies, and for hospitalization. A General Clinical Research Center is a discrete unit of research beds separated from the general care wards. |
Neural Mechanisms of Attentional Networks in Autism @ Mount Sinai School of Medicine of Nyu
0-11 years old; 21+ years old; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine; 4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol; Acetylcholine Agents; Adult; Affect; Anterior; Area; Attention; Attentional deficit; Autism; Autism, Early Infantile; Autism, Infantile; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Stem; Brainstem; CRISP; Cell Communication and Signaling; Cell Signaling; Chemicals; Child; Child Youth; Children (0-21); Cholinergic Agents; Cholinergic Drugs; Cholinergics; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Communication; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Condition; Cues; Decision Making; Detection; Development; Disease; Disorder; Dopamine; Encephalon; Encephalons; Environment; Feeling; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human, Adult; Human, Child; Hydroxytyramine; Impairment; Individual; Institution; Intracellular Communication and Signaling; Investigators; Kanner's Syndrome; Knowledge; Lateral; Learning; Link; Locus Coeruleus; NIH; National Institutes of Health; National Institutes of Health (U.S.); Nervous System, Brain; Neurologic; Neurological; Neuromodulator; Nucleus Pigmentosus Pontis; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Parietal Lobe of the Brain; Patients; Pattern; Play; Population; Reaction Time; Relative; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Resources; Researchers; Resources; Response RT; Response Time; Role; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Signal Transduction Systems; Signaling; Social Interaction; Source; Structure of locus ceruleus; System; System, LOINC Axis 4; Testing; Thalamic structure; Thalamus; United States National Institutes of Health; adult human (21+); basal forebrain; base; biological signal transduction; blue nucleus; brainwashing; children; cholinergic; cingulate cortex; cognitive function; cost; developmental disease/disorder; developmental disorder; disease/disorder; dopamine system; executive control; executive function; feelings; frontal cortex; frontal eye fields; frontal lobe; indexing; interest; intervention development; locus ceruleus structure; network models; neural mechanism; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; norepinephrine system; novel; parietal cortex; psychomotor reaction time; response; social role; thalamic; theories; therapy development; thought control; treatment development; youngster
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2007 — 2008 |
Fan, Jin |
M01Activity Code Description: An award made to an institution solely for the support of a General Clinical Research Center where scientists conduct studies on a wide range of human diseases using the full spectrum of the biomedical sciences. Costs underwritten by these grants include those for renovation, for operational expenses such as staff salaries, equipment, and supplies, and for hospitalization. A General Clinical Research Center is a discrete unit of research beds separated from the general care wards. |
Defining the Forebrain Reward Circuits in Adult Volunteers @ Mount Sinai School of Medicine of Nyu |
0.991 |
2008 — 2009 |
Fan, Jin |
R21Activity Code Description: To encourage the development of new research activities in categorical program areas. (Support generally is restricted in level of support and in time.) |
Anterior Cingulate and Fronto-Insular Related Brain Networks in Autism @ Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Autism is characterized as a qualitative impairment in reciprocal social interaction and communication, with a restricted, repetitive and stereotyped pattern of behavior, interest, and activities. Autism is the most common condition in a group of developmental disorders of the brain known as the autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), including autistic disorder, Asperger syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. Autism affects as many as six in a thousand children and adults. Although innumerable landmark advances have been achieved in the medical sciences, our knowledge about pathophysiology of autism is still very limited. Von Economo neurons (VENs) are large, bipolar, spindle shaped neurons that are most abundant in the human anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and fronto-insular cortex (FI) and may be involved in the fast and intuitive assessment of complex situations. Deficiencies of VENs in these regions may result in the inability to process complex, unpredictable, and novel information in a social context. There is evidence linking the behavioral deficits observed in patients with autism to the functions of these brain regions, suggesting that the impairments of social and cognitive abilities may relate to abnormal development of VENs. We propose to investigate abnormalities of ACC- and FI-related brain networks involved in both low-level sensory and perceptual and high-level cognitive processes in high-functioning patients with ASD. We hypothesize that, compared to normal controls, there will be a core deficit in the ACC and FI in patients with ASD in terms of abnormal functional activation and connectivity. We will utilize a modified anticipatory stimulation paradigm as well as an empathy and judging other's pain task, and employ multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods including event related functional MRI, morphometric MRI, and diffusion tensor imaging to test the hypotheses. We will also explore the association between patients'imaging data and the severity of deficits in the three symptom domains of autism. This innovative approach involving the integration of sensory/perceptual and cognitive tasks, multi-modal neuroimaging, and clinical testing, as well as linking of this project to other ongoing studies that directly investigate VENs at the neuronal level, will provide specific and comprehensive functional and anatomical insight into the neural mechanisms of this disorder, which will enlighten our understanding of autism at both neuronal and cognitive levels and may also guide novel treatment approaches. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Autism is characterized as a qualitative impairment in reciprocal social interaction and communication, with a restricted, repetitive and stereotyped pattern of behavior, interest, and activities, affecting as many as six in a thousand children and adults. Although innumerable landmark advances have been achieved in the medical sciences, our knowledge about pathophysiology of autism is still very limited. This innovative approach involving the integration of sensory/perceptual and cognitive tasks, multi-modal neuroimaging, and clinical testing will provide specific and comprehensive functional and anatomical insight into the neural mechanisms of this disorder and may also guide novel treatment approaches.
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1 |
2008 — 2009 |
Fan, Jin |
M01Activity Code Description: An award made to an institution solely for the support of a General Clinical Research Center where scientists conduct studies on a wide range of human diseases using the full spectrum of the biomedical sciences. Costs underwritten by these grants include those for renovation, for operational expenses such as staff salaries, equipment, and supplies, and for hospitalization. A General Clinical Research Center is a discrete unit of research beds separated from the general care wards. |
Role of Anxiety in Neurobiologic Aspects of Depression @ Mount Sinai School of Medicine of Nyu
Ammon Horn; Anxiety; Area; Brain; CRISP; Chemicals; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Cornu Ammonis; Data; Depressed mood; Depression; Encephalon; Encephalons; Event; Fear; Fright; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Grant; Hippocampus; Hippocampus (Brain); History; Institution; Investigators; Life; MR Imaging; MR Spectroscopy; MR Tomography; MRI; MRI, Functional; MRS; MRSI; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Maintenance; Maintenances; Measures; Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Medical center; Mental Depression; Methods and Techniques; Methods, Other; Motion; NIH; NMR Imaging; NMR Tomography; National Institutes of Health; National Institutes of Health (U.S.); Nervous System, Brain; Neurobiology; Neurochemistry; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Prefrontal Cortex; Protocol; Protocols documentation; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Resources; Researchers; Resources; Role; Science of neurochemistry; Series; Source; Stress; System; System, LOINC Axis 4; Techniques; Testing; Trauma; United States National Institutes of Health; Zeugmatography; base; depressed; fMRI; hippocampal; neurobiological; neurochemistry; recruit; sadness; social role
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2009 |
Fan, Jin |
S10Activity Code Description: To make available to institutions with a high concentration of NIH extramural research awards, research instruments which will be used on a shared basis. |
Brainvision Brainamp Mr Plus @ Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Currently, the functional neuroimaging research conducted and supported by the Laboratory of Neuroimaging at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine utilizes fMRI as a primary measure. fMRI is the hallmark of spatial resolution amongst functional neuroimaging techniques, capable of resolving clusters of activation millimeters apart. However, its temporal resolution is on the order of several seconds. The temporal resolution of fMRI is determined not only by sampling interval but also by intrinsic biological factors. Therefore it is not possible to resolve events occurring within as much as one second of each other. An ideal complementary imaging technique for fMRI would have the ability to measure changes in activity with a temporal resolution on the order of milliseconds, and electrophysiological measures such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) or event related potentials (ERPs) have proven to fit this role perfectly. The current proposal aims to purchase an MRI-compatible EEG/ERP recording system in order to supplement fMRI data with high-temporal resolution electrophysiological data in order to expand the scope of hypotheses that are testable using the resources available through the Laboratory of Neuroimaging, a core functional neuroimaging resource of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. Addition of this resource will facilitate development and testing of models of cognitive function that incorporate factors accounting for the temporal dynamics of networks subserving these functions. In addition to purchase of this system, we also propose the establishment of an unbiased local advisory committee who will oversee the administration of this resource to ensure that it continues to attract new users and that NIH funded projects are given rates of access to the resource commensurate with targeted subject enrollment and project timelines. Purchase of this equipment has direct relevance to public health because it will advance our knowledge of the neural underpinnings of various psychiatric disorders. Use of the new instrumentation in NIH funded projects investigating various aspects of autism, bipolar disorder, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is discussed in detail with specific hypotheses that the instrumentation will permit testing of. With active expansion of the research infrastructure at Mount Sinai with a focus on clinically oriented research, it is expected that utilization of this core by NIH funded researchers will continue to grow over the next several years. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The aim of this proposal is to purchase equipment that will allow researchers to investigate the time course of activation of discrete structures in the brain with high temporal resolution, which is not possible using currently available resources. Purchase of this equipment will benefit several NIH-funded researchers conducting studies on various aspects of psychiatric disorders including autism, bipolar disorder, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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2009 |
Fan, Jin |
M01Activity Code Description: An award made to an institution solely for the support of a General Clinical Research Center where scientists conduct studies on a wide range of human diseases using the full spectrum of the biomedical sciences. Costs underwritten by these grants include those for renovation, for operational expenses such as staff salaries, equipment, and supplies, and for hospitalization. A General Clinical Research Center is a discrete unit of research beds separated from the general care wards. |
Information Theory of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex @ Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai
This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. 9/17/2008 Our ability to rapidly process information and generate responses depends greatly on cognitive control, whose neural mechanisms have been extensively studied with recent advances in human brain mapping. Current theories of cognitive control have focused on the role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in conflict detection/resolution and response selection. However, these theories cannot account for the striking finding that patients with ACC lesions do not show deficits in conflict detection/resolution but rather overall slowness of response. Meanwhile, from behavioral and functional neuroimaging studies we have observed that (i) there is a robust correlation between overall reaction time (RT), the conflict effect, and ACC activation, and that (ii) the ACC is commonly activated in all cognitive task states compared to baseline state. The emerging evidence suggest that the ACC is a major determinant of information processing rate and response speed, as indexed by overall RT. Building on our and others'previous theoretical perspectives and these observations, we propose an information theory model of the ACC in which the ACC serves as a fast relay and integrative interface with dynamic interconnections between cortical and subcortical structures and plays a pivotal role in central cognitive control of rapid information processing and response, beyond traditional theories of conflict detection/resolution. In this project, we will assess functional activation and integration of the ACC and model its neural dynamics during rapid information processing and response in order to establish network-function relationships. Specifically, we hypothesize that: (1) the activity of the ACC and the dynamic functional/effective connectivity among the ACC and associated pathways are critically involved in these processes and determine the relative efficiency of these processes;and (2) the functional activity and dynamic connectivity of the ACC predict a significant proportion of individual differences in behavioral performance related to these processes.
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