Area:
Clinical Psychology, Behavioral Psychology
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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, Thomas H. Brandon is the likely recipient of the following grants.
Years |
Recipients |
Code |
Title / Keywords |
Matching score |
1996 — 2000 |
Brandon, Thomas H. |
R29Activity Code Description: Undocumented code - click on the grant title for more information. |
Therapy Development For Smoking Cessation @ University of South Florida
DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) Treatments for drug abuse continue to be characterized by high rates of post-cessation relapse. It appears that patients often do not persist much beyond treatment in executing the effortful behaviors required to maintain drug abstinence or to recover from an initial slip. Treatments may benefit from basic theory and research on effort and persistence. One theory, Learned Industriousness (LI; Eisenberger, 1992), offers a parsimonious explanation of individual differences in drug cessation and relapse based on individuals' learning history. The theory posits that individuals with a history of receiving reinforcement for high levels of performance will be more likely to expend high effort in general, across tasks, compared with individuals with a history of reinforcement for low performance. Moreover, LI can be increased through effort training. Thus, LI theory also suggests possible techniques for improving both initial cessation and long-term abstinence. This Stage 1 Type A project will test the causal role of LI in cessation of drug abuse, using nicotine dependence as a convenient model, and begin the development of a behavioral smoking-cessation treatment based on the enhancement of patients' LI. Three studies are proposed. The first study will test if task persistence (a measure of LI) predicts quitting success among patients in a standard smoking cessation program. We hypothesize that subjects' pretreatment persistence on two frustrating tasks will predict success at quitting smoking and maintaining abstinence. Affirmative results would extend our previous finding of a concurrent association between effortful performance and substance use. The second study will test if effort training improves smokers' ability to abstain from smoking in a laboratory analog of cessation and relapse. Current smokers will be randomly assigned to receive high- or low-effort training. They will then be asked to abstain from smoking for the next six days. (A random half of all subjects will smoke 5 cigarettes after the second day, as an analog of an initial "lapse.") We hypothesize that subjects who receive high-effort training--reinforcement for displaying effortful and persistent behaviors--will show greater ability to abstain from smoking during this time period than subjects who receive low-effort training. This would demonstrate a causal role of LI in smoking cessation and also suggest that effort training has potential value in improving outcomes of substance abuse treatments. The third study will begin the development of an intervention that includes effort training in a manner that is acceptable to patients and therapists. We will experiment with treatment formats and develop a preliminary treatment manual. Together, these studies will form the basis for subsequent Stage 1 Type B and Stage 2 therapy-development projects.
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1 |
1999 — 2001 |
Brandon, Thomas H. |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Cost Effective Smoking Relapse--Prevention Via Mail @ University of South Florida
behavioral /social science research tag; data collection methodology /evaluation; health care cost /financing
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1 |
2002 — 2006 |
Brandon, Thomas H. |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Preventing Smoking Relapse During Pregnancy and Beyond @ University of South Florida
[unreadable] DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prenatal risks of tobacco smoking motivate many women to quit smoking during pregnancy and to maintain abstinence for several months. Unfortunately, the majority of these women relapse to smoking either during their pregnancy or within the first six months postpartum. Resumption of smoking is associated with cancer and other health risks to the smokers themselves and to those exposed to their environmental tobacco smoke, including the infant and other members of the family. Because so many women are able to achieve at least short-term abstinence during their pregnancy, the pregnancy and postpartum periods are collectively viewed as a "window of opportunity for interventions designed to prevent smoking relapse. [unreadable] [unreadable] Although modest success has been achieved at aiding women in smoking cessation during pregnancy, attempts to prevent subsequent smoking relapse have been unsuccessful to date. The goal of Study I is to develop the key materials for a cost-effective minimal intervention preventing smoking relapse among pregnant/postpartum women. The intervention will be modeled after one developed by the research team that has been found to reduce smoking relapse by approximately two-thirds among a general population of recent quitters. This intervention comprises a series of eight Stay Quit booklets mailed to former smokers over a year. The booklets were developed based on theory and research on smoking relapse, and were found to be extremely cost-effective. However, because pregnant and postpartum women differ in many ways from the general population of ex-smokers, it cannot be assumed that the existing intervention would adequately meet their unique needs. [unreadable] [unreadable] The end product of Study I will be a series often Forever Free for Baby and Me booklets designed to be provided to women between their sixth month of pregnancy and eight months postpartum. The content of the booklets will be based on three sources of information: (1) the existing, validated Stay Quit booklets, (2) theory and research on smoking relapse during and after pregnancy, and (3) systematic formative research comprising focus groups, in-depth interviews, and learner verification interviews. Subjects will include pregnant and postparatum women who have maintained tobacco abstinence, as well as those who have relapsed; their partners; and relevant health professionals in the community. [unreadable] [unreadable] Study II will be a randomized, controlled trial of the intervention developed in Study I. Women who have quit smoking during pregnancy will be recruited via childbirth education classes and randomly assigned to receive the series of Forever Free booklets versus a usual care control condition. Follow up will be conducted through 12 months postpartum, and a format cost-effectiveness analysis wilt be conducted. If shown to be effective, this minimal intervention would be easy and inexpensive to disseminate to women via a variety of channels and settings.
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1 |