2005 — 2009 |
Wiebe, Deborah J |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Parental Involvement in Diabetes Care Across Adolescence
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective is to understand how children with type 1 diabetes and parents (together with health-care providers) manage diabetes across adolescence to cultivate the child's competence and diabetes adjustment and meet autonomy needs. We explore how it is not only the amount of behavioral involvement of parents (i.e., parents performing diabetes tasks), but the child's appraisal of the form of that involvement, that influences whether adolescents are successful in their diabetes adjustment. The proposed research utilizes a transactional developmental model to examine behavioral and appraised parental involvement and diabetes adjustment both longitudinally across the transition into adolescence and daily. The major aims are to examine (a) developmental changes in mother's behavioral involvement as a function of child age, pubertal status, and autonomy, (b) whether successful diabetes management during the transition into adolescence involves continued collaboration with mothers, low levels of uninvolvement, and declines in controlling involvement, (c) the process whereby collaboration produces positive and uninvolvement and control produces negative outcomes across development, (d) how fathers' involvement may either directly or indirectly affect diabetes management, and (e) broader system factors contributing to the developmental changes in appraised maternal involvement. Using a three-year longitudinal design, 200 children aged 10-14 with type 1 diabetes and their mothers and fathers will be assessed every six months. At each assessment, the constructs of developmental level, parental involvement, and diabetes adjustment will be assessed through a combination of surveys, interviews, and medical tests. In Years 1 and 3, mothers, fathers, and children will complete a two-week daily diary to examine the daily processes by which forms of appraised parental involvement affect child adjustment. The long-term goal is to identify child, parent, dyadic, and health-care provider factors that could lead to interventions to promote successful diabetes adjustment.
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0.95 |
2011 — 2015 |
Berg, Cynthia A [⬀] Wiebe, Deborah J |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
A Self-Regulation Approach to Diabetes Adherence Into Emerging Adulthood
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Late adolescence and emerging adulthood (ages 18+) pose formidable challenges for adherence to the diabetes regimen, which contribute to poor metabolic control and increased risk for serious long-term health complications (e.g., hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis, microvascular disease, and premature mortality). Emerging adults experience new challenges as they move out of the home and the pediatric health care system. These challenges require daily regulation over one's emotion, cognition, and behavior in a way that is more independent from parents. Further, advances in developmental neuroscience reveal late adolescents are not yet able to integrate their thinking with the social and emotional demands of daily life, suggesting that these challenges occur at a time when the neurocognitive abilities needed to regulate emotion, cognition and behavior are not fully developed. There is increasing evidence that emerging adulthood is a time of high risk, but there is little research to inform how emerging adults with diabetes (or any chronic illness) make this transition successfully. The proposed research builds on our prior work that parental monitoring is beneficial for maintaining adherence across adolescence by bolstering adolescent's own self-regulatory skills (e.g., maintaining diabetes goals, preventing problems from occurring, and adjusting to problems when they do occur) and compensating for such skills when they are not yet developed. We will examine whether still developing neurocognitive abilities limit late adolescents'ability to regulate diabetes problems and adhere to the regimen, and will determine whether parental monitoring may continue to compensate for low neurocognitive abilities. In a longitudinal observational design at two sites (Utah and Texas), 250 adolescents with type 1 diabetes will be recruited in the Fall of their senior year of high school, and assessed annually for three years. In Aim 1, we identify which neurocognitive abilities (e.g., executive function, impulse control, attentional control) are needed to maintain adherence across the transition to emerging adulthood through behavioral tests and corresponding self- and parent-reports. In Aim 2, we determine how these neurocognitive abilities relate to the daily self regulation needed for optimal adherence across the transition, using two 14-day diaries conducted in the senior and post senior high year. In Aim 3, we examine whether parental monitoring across the transition to emerging adulthood benefits those with low neurocognitive abilities, and explore the ways in which parents remain able to monitor daily emerging adults'behavior (e.g., text, phone, in person). The findings will have important clinical applications for the use of family interventions tailored to the self-regulatory skills of late adolescents. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The developmental period of late adolescence and early adulthood is a time of high risk for youth with type 1 diabetes (e.g., poor adherence and metabolic control, loss to medical follow-up, development of complications), due to the changes that occur as youth transition from the family home and pediatric care. The proposed research identifies the neurocognitive and daily self-regulation skills that are needed to maintain adherence across this transition, and explores whether and how parents may continue to facilitate adherence when adolescents are no longer living at home. The findings will provide information that can inform novel interventions to promote better adherence and diabetes management as youth transition to adulthood.
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0.934 |