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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, John M. Hinson is the likely recipient of the following grants.
Years |
Recipients |
Code |
Title / Keywords |
Matching score |
1985 |
Hinson, John M |
R03Activity Code Description: To provide research support specifically limited in time and amount for studies in categorical program areas. Small grants provide flexibility for initiating studies which are generally for preliminary short-term projects and are non-renewable. |
Range and Sequential Effects in Discrimination Learning @ Washington State University
Reliable sequential effects accompany discrimination learning by animals during operant conditioning. These effects seemed to be controlled by the same variables that control sequential effects in human psychophysics. Local changes in stimulus range are intimately related to sequential effects, and seem particularly important in determining discrimination performance. Models of discrimination learing which make predictions solely on the basis of the physical properties of stimuli, and models which rely upon measures averaged over trials or stimuli, are not satisfactory for reliably predicting what will occur on any particular occasion. Experimental analysis of similarities and differences between range effects in operant and psychophysical settings should help clarify understanding of the significance of the dynamics of discrimination learning, and should lead to models of discrimination learning and categorization which account for performance in diverse settings.
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1 |
1992 — 1995 |
Hinson, John Mcsweeney, Frances [⬀] |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Patterns of Responding Within Experimental Sessions @ Washington State University
Responding is not constant across the experimental session when animals respond on operant-conditioning procedures. Instead, responding often begins slowly, increases to a peak and then decreases through the rest of the session. The present experiments will begin to determine under what conditions these within-session changes in responding occur. They will also begin to determine why these changes occur. In particular, the experiments will try to separate the contribution of factors related to reinforcement, such as satiation, from factors related to responding, such as fatigue. They will try to separate the contribution of central factors, such as focusing of attention, from factors at the periphery, such as interference from competing responses. They will try to separate the effect of factors that accumulate over the session, such as fatigue, from the anticipation of things to come, such as the return to the home cage at the end of the session. These experiments are theoretically important because rate of responding averaged over the session is one of the primary dependent variables in operant psychology. Finding systematic changes in responding within sessions suggests that this measure ignores important changes in behavior at a more fine-grained level. The research is methodologically important because many experiments are not designed so that their data can be interpreted if such within-session changes in responding occur. Improving theory and methodology in operant psychology is important for applied reasons. Operant techniques are used as methods for determining the effects of physiological variables and as the basis for some forms of therapy for human behavioral problems.
|
0.915 |
2011 — 2012 |
Hinson, John M |
R21Activity Code Description: To encourage the development of new research activities in categorical program areas. (Support generally is restricted in level of support and in time.) |
Information Throughput in Risky Decision Making Underlying Self-Regulation @ Washington State University
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Behavioral self-regulation is often based on decision making processes that involve risk and ambiguity. Further, risky decision making can depend on non-affective, deliberative processes (cold cognition), affective, automatic processes (hot cognition), or the interaction of these processes. The role of hot cognition is paradoxical in that affect sometimes appears to interfere with good decision making and sometimes seems to facilitate good decision making. Because of this, it is unclear whether in a given situation suboptimal decision making is due to insufficient or unutilized cold cognitive information, or due to inappropriately weighting of cold cognitive information along with hot cognitive information. The proposed research will examine when cold cognitive information is available and when it is properly used in risky decision making tasks in three specific aims. First, we will assess the fate of cold cognitive information and determine the impact on frame-induced decision making bias in a traditional risky decision making task with experimental challenges to hot and cold cognition. Second, we will assess the fate of cold cognitive information and determine the impact on frame-induced decision making in the newly developed Framed Gambling Task, which allows better analysis of risk and ambiguity, also with challenges to hot and cold cognition. Third, we assess the fate of cold cognitive information and determine the impact on frame-induced decision making in a sleep deprivation challenge. This research will help to identify factors that impede decision making processes necessary for good self-regulation. Extending the research from artificial laboratory challenges to a realistic sleep deprivation challenge will assist in designing interventions and environments to reduce the impact of suboptimal decision on safety, health and well-being in daily life. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The impact on decision making of the interaction of deliberative (cold) and automatic (hot) cognition is crucial but still poorly understood. Our research will explore when the cold cognitive information essential for good decision making is absent, and when it is improperly weighted in the decision making process because of challenges to cold or hot cognitive pathways. This work will allow us to better understand why sup-optimal decision making is occurring a particular situation and what can be done to improve decisions in these situations. In addition, our work represents an important extension from the laboratory to real-world conditions by exploring the impact of total sleep deprivation on these decision making processes, providing an opportunity to address broad health and safety issues relevant to sleep loss in everyday life.
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1 |