Trevor B. Bedford, Ph.D. - Publications

Affiliations: 
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States 
Area:
evolutionary biology, molecular genetics

73 high-probability publications. We are testing a new system for linking publications to authors. You can help! If you notice any inaccuracies, please sign in and mark papers as correct or incorrect matches. If you identify any major omissions or other inaccuracies in the publication list, please let us know.

Year Citation  Score
2023 Kistler KE, Bedford T. An atlas of continuous adaptive evolution in endemic human viruses. Cell Host & Microbe. 31: 1898-1909.e3. PMID 37883977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.09.012  0.333
2023 Perofsky AC, Huddleston J, Hansen C, Barnes JR, Rowe T, Xu X, Kondor R, Wentworth DE, Lewis N, Whittaker L, Ermetal B, Harvey R, Galiano M, Daniels RS, McCauley JW, ... ... Bedford T, et al. Antigenic drift and subtype interference shape A(H3N2) epidemic dynamics in the United States. Medrxiv : the Preprint Server For Health Sciences. PMID 37873362 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.02.23296453  0.325
2021 Santiago GA, Kalinich CC, Cruz-López F, González GL, Flores B, Hentoff A, Charriez KN, Fauver JR, Adams LE, Sharp TM, Black A, Bedford T, Ellis E, Ellis B, Waterman SH, et al. Tracing the Origin, Spread, and Molecular Evolution of Zika Virus in Puerto Rico, 2016-2017. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 27: 2971-2973. PMID 34670646 DOI: 10.3201/eid2711.211575  0.312
2020 Bedford T, Greninger AL, Roychoudhury P, Starita LM, Famulare M, Huang ML, Nalla A, Pepper G, Reinhardt A, Xie H, Shrestha L, Nguyen TN, Adler A, Brandstetter E, Cho S, et al. Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state. Science (New York, N.Y.). PMID 32913002 DOI: 10.1126/Science.Abc0523  0.352
2020 Huddleston J, Barnes JR, Rowe T, Xu X, Kondor R, Wentworth DE, Whittaker L, Ermetal B, Daniels RS, McCauley JW, Fujisaki S, Nakamura K, Kishida N, Watanabe S, Hasegawa H, ... ... Bedford T, et al. Integrating genotypes and phenotypes improves long-term forecasts of seasonal influenza A/H3N2 evolution. Elife. 9. PMID 32876050 DOI: 10.7554/Elife.60067  0.403
2020 Deng X, Gu W, Federman S, du Plessis L, Pybus OG, Faria N, Wang C, Yu G, Bushnell B, Pan CY, Guevara H, Sotomayor-Gonzalez A, Zorn K, Gopez A, Servellita V, ... ... Bedford T, et al. Genomic surveillance reveals multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into Northern California. Science (New York, N.Y.). PMID 32513865 DOI: 10.1126/Science.Abb9263  0.37
2020 Caudill VR, Qin S, Winstead R, Kaur J, Tisthammer K, Pineda EG, Solis C, Cobey S, Bedford T, Carja O, Eggo RM, Koelle K, Lythgoe K, Regoes R, Roy S, et al. CpG-creating mutations are costly in many human viruses. Evolutionary Ecology. 34: 339-359. PMID 32508375 DOI: 10.1007/S10682-020-10039-Z  0.369
2020 Jorden MA, Rudman SL, Villarino E, Hoferka S, Patel MT, Bemis K, Simmons CR, Jespersen M, Iberg Johnson J, Mytty E, Arends KD, Henderson JJ, Mathes RW, Weng CX, ... ... Bedford T, et al. Evidence for Limited Early Spread of COVID-19 Within the United States, January-February 2020. Mmwr. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 69: 680-684. PMID 32497028 DOI: 10.15585/Mmwr.Mm6922E1  0.328
2020 Castro LA, Bedford T, Ancel Meyers L. Early prediction of antigenic transitions for influenza A/H3N2. Plos Computational Biology. 16: e1007683. PMID 32069282 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pcbi.1007683  0.372
2020 Moncla LH, Bedford T, Dussart P, Horm SV, Rith S, Buchy P, Karlsson EA, Li L, Liu Y, Zhu H, Guan Y, Friedrich TC, Horwood PF. Quantifying within-host diversity of H5N1 influenza viruses in humans and poultry in Cambodia. Plos Pathogens. 16: e1008191. PMID 31951644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008191  0.325
2020 Caudill VR, Qin S, Winstead R, Kaur J, Tisthammer K, Pineda EG, Solis C, Cobey S, Bedford T, Carja O, Eggo RM, Koelle K, Lythgoe K, Regoes R, Roy S, et al. Correction to: CpG‑creating mutations are costly in many human viruses Evolutionary Ecology. 34: 361-362. DOI: 10.1007/S10682-020-10052-2  0.314
2019 Dudas G, Bedford T. The ability of single genes vs full genomes to resolve time and space in outbreak analysis. Bmc Evolutionary Biology. 19: 232. PMID 31878875 DOI: 10.1186/S12862-019-1567-0  0.37
2019 Black A, Moncla LH, Laiton-Donato K, Potter B, Pardo L, Rico A, Tovar C, Rojas DP, Longini IM, Halloran ME, Peláez-Carvajal D, Ramírez JD, Mercado-Reyes M, Bedford T. Genomic epidemiology supports multiple introductions and cryptic transmission of Zika virus in Colombia. Bmc Infectious Diseases. 19: 963. PMID 31718580 DOI: 10.1186/S12879-019-4566-2  0.384
2019 Hadfield J, Brito AF, Swetnam DM, Vogels CBF, Tokarz RE, Andersen KG, Smith RC, Bedford T, Grubaugh ND. Twenty years of West Nile virus spread and evolution in the Americas visualized by Nextstrain. Plos Pathogens. 15: e1008042. PMID 31671157 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Ppat.1008042  0.405
2019 Lee JM, Eguia R, Zost SJ, Choudhary S, Wilson PC, Bedford T, Stevens-Ayers T, Boeckh M, Hurt AC, Lakdawala SS, Hensley SE, Bloom JD. Mapping person-to-person variation in viral mutations that escape polyclonal serum targeting influenza hemagglutinin. Elife. 8. PMID 31452511 DOI: 10.7554/Elife.49324  0.397
2019 Bell SM, Katzelnick L, Bedford T. Dengue genetic divergence generates within-serotype antigenic variation, but serotypes dominate evolutionary dynamics. Elife. 8. PMID 31385805 DOI: 10.7554/Elife.42496  0.352
2019 Soh YS, Moncla LH, Eguia R, Bedford T, Bloom JD. Comprehensive mapping of adaptation of the avian influenza polymerase protein PB2 to humans. Elife. 8. PMID 31038123 DOI: 10.7554/Elife.45079  0.405
2019 Lee JM, Eguia R, Zost SJ, Choudhary S, Wilson PC, Bedford T, Stevens-Ayers T, Boeckh M, Hurt AC, Lakdawala SS, Hensley SE, Bloom JD. Author response: Mapping person-to-person variation in viral mutations that escape polyclonal serum targeting influenza hemagglutinin Elife. DOI: 10.7554/Elife.49324.049  0.312
2019 Soh YS, Moncla LH, Eguia R, Bedford T, Bloom JD. Author response: Comprehensive mapping of adaptation of the avian influenza polymerase protein PB2 to humans Elife. DOI: 10.7554/Elife.45079.037  0.328
2019 Bell SM, Katzelnick L, Bedford T. Author response: Dengue genetic divergence generates within-serotype antigenic variation, but serotypes dominate evolutionary dynamics Elife. DOI: 10.7554/Elife.42496.022  0.31
2019 Potter BI, Kondor R, Hadfield J, Huddleston J, Barnes J, Rowe T, Guo L, Xu X, Neher RA, Bedford T, Wentworth DE. Evolution and rapid spread of a reassortant A(H3N2) virus that predominated the 2017–2018 influenza season Virus Evolution. 5. DOI: 10.1093/Ve/Vez046  0.373
2019 Chu HY, Chu HY, Boeckh M, Boeckh M, Englund JA, Englund JA, Famulare M, Lutz BR, Lutz BR, Nickerson DA, Rieder M, Rieder M, Starita L, Starita L, Thompson M, ... ... Bedford T, et al. LB21. The Seattle Flu Study: A Community-Based Study of Influenza Open Forum Infectious Diseases. 6: S1002-S1002. DOI: 10.1093/Ofid/Ofz415.2504  0.343
2018 Wen FT, Bell SM, Bedford T, Cobey S. Estimating Vaccine-Driven Selection in Seasonal Influenza. Viruses. 10. PMID 30231576 DOI: 10.3390/V10090509  0.322
2018 Neher RA, Bedford T. Real-Time Analysis and Visualization of Pathogen Sequence Data. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 56. PMID 30135232 DOI: 10.1128/Jcm.00480-18  0.323
2018 Lee JM, Huddleston J, Doud MB, Hooper KA, Wu NC, Bedford T, Bloom JD. Deep mutational scanning of hemagglutinin helps predict evolutionary fates of human H3N2 influenza variants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. PMID 30104379 DOI: 10.1073/Pnas.1806133115  0.391
2018 Hadfield J, Megill C, Bell SM, Huddleston J, Potter B, Callender C, Sagulenko P, Bedford T, Neher RA. Nextstrain: real-time tracking of pathogen evolution. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). PMID 29790939 DOI: 10.1093/Bioinformatics/Bty407  0.328
2018 Xue KS, Moncla LH, Bedford T, Bloom JD. Within-Host Evolution of Human Influenza Virus. Trends in Microbiology. PMID 29534854 DOI: 10.1016/J.Tim.2018.02.007  0.43
2018 Dudas G, Carvalho LM, Rambaut A, Bedford T. MERS-CoV spillover at the camel-human interface. Elife. 7. PMID 29336306 DOI: 10.7554/Elife.31257  0.387
2017 Langat P, Raghwani J, Dudas G, Bowden TA, Edwards S, Gall A, Bedford T, Rambaut A, Daniels R, Russell C, Pybus OG, McCauley J, Kellam P, Watson SJ. Genome-wide evolutionary dynamics of influenza B viruses on a global scale. Plos Pathogens. 13: e1006749. PMID 29284042 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Ppat.1006749  0.442
2017 Morris DH, Gostic KM, Pompei S, Bedford T, Łuksza M, Neher RA, Grenfell BT, Lässig M, McCauley JW. Predictive Modeling of Influenza Shows the Promise of Applied Evolutionary Biology. Trends in Microbiology. PMID 29097090 DOI: 10.1016/J.Tim.2017.09.004  0.355
2017 Bell SM, Bedford T. Modern-day SIV viral diversity generated by extensive recombination and cross-species transmission. Plos Pathogens. 13: e1006466. PMID 28672035 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Ppat.1006466  0.334
2017 Quick J, Grubaugh ND, Pullan ST, Claro IM, Smith AD, Gangavarapu K, Oliveira G, Robles-Sikisaka R, Rogers TF, Beutler NA, Burton DR, Lewis-Ximenez LL, de Jesus JG, Giovanetti M, Hill SC, ... ... Bedford T, et al. Multiplex PCR method for MinION and Illumina sequencing of Zika and other virus genomes directly from clinical samples. Nature Protocols. 12: 1261-1276. PMID 28538739 DOI: 10.1038/Nprot.2017.066  0.36
2017 Faria NR, Quick J, Claro IM, Thézé J, de Jesus JG, Giovanetti M, Kraemer MUG, Hill SC, Black A, da Costa AC, Franco LC, Silva SP, Wu CH, Raghwani J, Cauchemez S, ... ... Bedford T, et al. Establishment and cryptic transmission of Zika virus in Brazil and the Americas. Nature. PMID 28538727 DOI: 10.1038/Nature22401  0.377
2017 Grubaugh ND, Ladner JT, Kraemer MUG, Dudas G, Tan AL, Gangavarapu K, Wiley MR, White S, Thézé J, Magnani DM, Prieto K, Reyes D, Bingham AM, Paul LM, Robles-Sikisaka R, ... ... Bedford T, et al. Genomic epidemiology reveals multiple introductions of Zika virus into the United States. Nature. PMID 28538723 DOI: 10.1038/Nature22400  0.394
2017 Dudas G, Carvalho LM, Bedford T, Tatem AJ, Baele G, Faria NR, Park DJ, Ladner JT, Arias A, Asogun D, Bielejec F, Caddy SL, Cotten M, D'Ambrozio J, Dellicour S, et al. Virus genomes reveal factors that spread and sustained the Ebola epidemic. Nature. PMID 28405027 DOI: 10.1038/Nature22040  0.385
2017 Cybis GB, Sinsheimer JS, Bedford T, Rambaut A, Lemey P, Suchard MA. Bayesian nonparametric clustering in phylogenetics: modeling antigenic evolution in influenza. Statistics in Medicine. PMID 28098392 DOI: 10.1002/Sim.7196  0.36
2016 Black A, Breyta R, Bedford T, Kurath G. Geography and host species shape the evolutionary dynamics of U genogroup infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. Virus Evolution. 2: vew034. PMID 29492278 DOI: 10.1093/Ve/Vew034  0.393
2016 Lipsitch M, Barclay W, Raman R, Russell CJ, Belser JA, Cobey S, Kasson PM, Lloyd-Smith JO, Maurer-Stroh S, Riley S, Beauchemin CA, Bedford T, Friedrich TC, Handel A, Herfst S, et al. Viral factors in influenza pandemic risk assessment. Elife. 5. PMID 27834632 DOI: 10.7554/Elife.18491  0.399
2016 Bedford T, Malik HS. Did a Single Amino Acid Change Make Ebola Virus More Virulent? Cell. 167: 892-894. PMID 27814518 DOI: 10.1016/J.Cell.2016.10.032  0.342
2016 Wen F, Bedford T, Cobey S. Explaining the geographical origins of seasonal influenza A (H3N2). Proceedings. Biological Sciences / the Royal Society. 283. PMID 27629034 DOI: 10.1098/Rspb.2016.1312  0.393
2016 Harvey WT, Benton DJ, Gregory V, Hall JP, Daniels RS, Bedford T, Haydon DT, Hay AJ, McCauley JW, Reeve R. Identification of Low- and High-Impact Hemagglutinin Amino Acid Substitutions That Drive Antigenic Drift of Influenza A(H1N1) Viruses. Plos Pathogens. 12: e1005526. PMID 27057693 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Ppat.1005526  0.428
2016 Neher RA, Bedford T, Daniels RS, Russell CA, Shraiman BI. Prediction, dynamics, and visualization of antigenic phenotypes of seasonal influenza viruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. PMID 26951657 DOI: 10.1073/Pnas.1525578113  0.395
2016 Lorenzo-Redondo R, Fryer HR, Bedford T, Kim EY, Archer J, Kosakovsky Pond SL, Chung YS, Penugonda S, Chipman JG, Fletcher CV, Schacker TW, Malim MH, Rambaut A, Haase AT, McLean AR, et al. Persistent HIV-1 replication maintains the tissue reservoir during therapy. Nature. PMID 26814962 DOI: 10.1038/Nature16933  0.319
2015 Cybis GB, Sinsheimer JS, Bedford T, Mather AE, Lemey P, Suchard MA. ASSESSING PHENOTYPIC CORRELATION THROUGH THE MULTIVARIATE PHYLOGENETIC LATENT LIABILITY MODEL. The Annals of Applied Statistics. 9: 969-991. PMID 27053974 DOI: 10.1214/15-Aoas821  0.34
2015 Meyer AG, Spielman SJ, Bedford T, Wilke CO. Time dependence of evolutionary metrics during the 2009 pandemic influenza virus outbreak. Virus Evolution. 1. PMID 26770819 DOI: 10.1093/Ve/Vev006  0.429
2015 Neafsey DE, Juraska M, Bedford T, Benkeser D, Valim C, Griggs A, Lievens M, Abdulla S, Adjei S, Agbenyega T, Agnandji ST, Aide P, Anderson S, Ansong D, Aponte JJ, et al. Genetic Diversity and Protective Efficacy of the RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine. The New England Journal of Medicine. PMID 26488565 DOI: 10.1056/Nejmoa1505819  0.554
2015 Machkovech HM, Bedford T, Suchard MA, Bloom JD. Positive Selection in CD8+ T-Cell Epitopes of Influenza Virus Nucleoprotein Revealed by a Comparative Analysis of Human and Swine Viral Lineages. Journal of Virology. 89: 11275-83. PMID 26311880 DOI: 10.1128/Jvi.01571-15  0.362
2015 McCoy CO, Bedford T, Minin VN, Bradley P, Robins H, Matsen FA. Quantifying evolutionary constraints on B-cell affinity maturation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 370. PMID 26194758 DOI: 10.1098/Rstb.2014.0244  0.353
2015 Neher RA, Bedford T. nextflu: real-time tracking of seasonal influenza virus evolution in humans. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). PMID 26115986 DOI: 10.1093/Bioinformatics/Btv381  0.441
2015 Park DJ, Dudas G, Wohl S, Goba A, Whitmer SL, Andersen KG, Sealfon RS, Ladner JT, Kugelman JR, Matranga CB, Winnicki SM, Qu J, Gire SK, Gladden-Young A, Jalloh S, ... ... Bedford T, et al. Ebola Virus Epidemiology, Transmission, and Evolution during Seven Months in Sierra Leone. Cell. 161: 1516-26. PMID 26091036 DOI: 10.1016/J.Cell.2015.06.007  0.611
2015 Bedford T, Riley S, Barr IG, Broor S, Chadha M, Cox NJ, Daniels RS, Gunasekaran CP, Hurt AC, Kelso A, Klimov A, Lewis NS, Li X, McCauley JW, Odagiri T, et al. Global circulation patterns of seasonal influenza viruses vary with antigenic drift. Nature. 523: 217-20. PMID 26053121 DOI: 10.1038/Nature14460  0.408
2015 Frost SD, Pybus OG, Gog JR, Viboud C, Bonhoeffer S, Bedford T. Eight challenges in phylodynamic inference. Epidemics. 10: 88-92. PMID 25843391 DOI: 10.1016/J.Epidem.2014.09.001  0.348
2015 Vrancken B, Lemey P, Rambaut A, Bedford T, Longdon B, Günthard HF, Suchard MA. Simultaneously estimating evolutionary history and repeated traits phylogenetic signal: applications to viral and host phenotypic evolution. Methods in Ecology and Evolution / British Ecological Society. 6: 67-82. PMID 25780554 DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.12293  0.373
2015 Dudas G, Bedford T, Lycett S, Rambaut A. Reassortment between influenza B lineages and the emergence of a coadapted PB1-PB2-HA gene complex. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 32: 162-72. PMID 25323575 DOI: 10.1093/Molbev/Msu287  0.39
2014 Zinder D, Bedford T, Baskerville EB, Woods RJ, Roy M, Pascual M. Seasonality in the migration and establishment of H3N2 Influenza lineages with epidemic growth and decline. Bmc Evolutionary Biology. 14: 272. PMID 25539729 DOI: 10.1186/S12862-014-0272-2  0.379
2014 Roche B, Drake JM, Brown J, Stallknecht DE, Bedford T, Rohani P. Adaptive evolution and environmental durability jointly structure phylodynamic patterns in avian influenza viruses. Plos Biology. 12: e1001931. PMID 25116957 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pbio.1001931  0.428
2014 Lemey P, Rambaut A, Bedford T, Faria N, Bielejec F, Baele G, Russell CA, Smith DJ, Pybus OG, Brockmann D, Suchard MA. Unifying viral genetics and human transportation data to predict the global transmission dynamics of human influenza H3N2. Plos Pathogens. 10: e1003932. PMID 24586153 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Ppat.1003932  0.418
2014 Bedford T, Suchard MA, Lemey P, Dudas G, Gregory V, Hay AJ, McCauley JW, Russell CA, Smith DJ, Rambaut A. Integrating influenza antigenic dynamics with molecular evolution. Elife. 3: e01914. PMID 24497547 DOI: 10.7554/Elife.01914  0.345
2013 Zinder D, Bedford T, Gupta S, Pascual M. The roles of competition and mutation in shaping antigenic and genetic diversity in influenza. Plos Pathogens. 9: e1003104. PMID 23300455 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Ppat.1003104  0.414
2013 Bedford T, Suchard MA, Lemey P, Dudas G, Gregory V, Hay AJ, McCauley JW, Russell CA, Smith DJ, Rambaut A. Author response: Integrating influenza antigenic dynamics with molecular evolution Elife. DOI: 10.7554/Elife.01914.025  0.333
2013 Volz EM, Koelle K, Bedford T. Phylogenetic tree of the HA1 region of the HA gene of influenza A (H3N2) from viruses sampled between 1968 and 2002. Plos Computational Biology. DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pcbi.1002947.G005  0.389
2013 Volz EM, Koelle K, Bedford T. Idealized caricatures of virus phylogenies that show the effects of population structure. Plos Computational Biology. DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pcbi.1002947.G002  0.309
2012 Bedford T, Rambaut A, Pascual M. Canalization of the evolutionary trajectory of the human influenza virus. Bmc Biology. 10: 38. PMID 22546494 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-10-38  0.412
2011 Bedford T, Cobey S, Pascual M. Strength and tempo of selection revealed in viral gene genealogies. Bmc Evolutionary Biology. 11: 220. PMID 21787390 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-220  0.406
2010 Rogers RL, Bedford T, Lyons AM, Hartl DL. Adaptive impact of the chimeric gene Quetzalcoatl in Drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107: 10943-8. PMID 20534482 DOI: 10.1073/Pnas.1006503107  0.65
2010 Bedford T, Cobey S, Beerli P, Pascual M. Global migration dynamics underlie evolution and persistence of human influenza A (H3N2). Plos Pathogens. 6: e1000918. PMID 20523898 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Ppat.1000918  0.393
2009 Bedford T, Hartl DL. Optimization of gene expression by natural selection. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 106: 1133-8. PMID 19139403 DOI: 10.1073/Pnas.0812009106  0.533
2009 Rogers RL, Bedford T, Hartl DL. Formation and longevity of chimeric and duplicate genes in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics. 181: 313-22. PMID 19015547 DOI: 10.1534/Genetics.108.091538  0.661
2008 Bedford T, Wapinski I, Hartl DL. Overdispersion of the molecular clock varies between yeast, Drosophila and mammals. Genetics. 179: 977-84. PMID 18505862 DOI: 10.1534/Genetics.108.089185  0.544
2008 Bedford T, Hartl DL. Overdispersion of the molecular clock: temporal variation of gene-specific substitution rates in Drosophila. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 25: 1631-8. PMID 18480070 DOI: 10.1093/Molbev/Msn112  0.544
2007 Volkman SK, Lozovsky E, Barry AE, Bedford T, Bethke L, Myrick A, Day KP, Hartl DL, Wirth DF, Sawyer SA. Genomic heterogeneity in the density of noncoding single-nucleotide and microsatellite polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum. Gene. 387: 1-6. PMID 17005334 DOI: 10.1016/J.Gene.2006.07.026  0.477
2004 Castillo-Davis CI, Bedford TB, Hartl DL. Accelerated rates of intron gain/loss and protein evolution in duplicate genes in human and mouse malaria parasites. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 21: 1422-7. PMID 15084679 DOI: 10.1093/Molbev/Msh143  0.708
2003 Nielsen KM, Kasper J, Choi M, Bedford T, Kristiansen K, Wirth DF, Volkman SK, Lozovsky ER, Hartl DL. Gene conversion as a source of nucleotide diversity in Plasmodium falciparum. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 20: 726-34. PMID 12679555 DOI: 10.1093/Molbev/Msg076  0.538
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