2003 — 2004 |
Marmorstein, Naomi R |
R03Activity Code Description: To provide research support specifically limited in time and amount for studies in categorical program areas. Small grants provide flexibility for initiating studies which are generally for preliminary short-term projects and are non-renewable. |
Child Psychopathology and Risk For Drug Use Disorders @ Rutgers the St Univ of Nj New Brunswick
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Prior research suggests that psychopathology in children and adolescents is associated with drug use disorders (DUDs), which are in turn associated with significant functional impairment and negative health consequences. However, the potential interacting influences of different types of psychopathology with family history and peer risk factors on the development of DUDs are poorly understood. The overall goal of this study is to examine whether the trajectory of DUDs during the transition from late adolescence to early adulthood is associated with childhood major depression (MDD) and conduct disorder (CD), family history of DUDs, peer drug use, and gender. Potential interactions of these factors with each other and with developmental stage (late adolescence through early adulthood) are of particular interest. Participants for this study will be drawn from the population-based sample of the Minnesota Twin Family Study, a longitudinal study of twins and their families. Participants were comprehensively assessed at age 17 and subsequently returned to the study at ages 20 and 24. The first specific aim of this study is to examine participants in four diagnostic groups--CD, MDD, CD and MDD, and neither disorder--to determine whether (and how) they differ in terms of the prevalence and development of DUDs from late adolescence through early adulthood. It is expected that these four diagnostic groups will differ in their patterns of DUDs. The second aim of this study is to examine how family history, peer drug use, and gender may interact with these forms of psychopathology across time. Specific hypotheses include: (1) family history of DUDs will be associated with DUDs in offspring; this effect is expected to be particularly pronounced at older ages and among participants with a history of psychopathology in childhood; (2) once family history of DUDs and child psychopathology are taken into account, peer drug use behavior is unlikely to aid in the prediction of DUDs; (3) by age 24, participants with a history of only CD or only MDD (and not the other disorder) will no longer be at increased risk for persisting DUDs unless another risk factor included in this study is also present; and (4) gender may moderate some of these relationships. These hypotheses will be examined using survival analyses, odds ratios, logistic regression, and hierarchical linear modeling; the correlated nature of the twin data used in this study will be statistically controlled.
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0.919 |
2007 — 2011 |
Marmorstein, Naomi R |
K01Activity Code Description: For support of a scientist, committed to research, in need of both advanced research training and additional experience. |
Longtudinal Relations Between Internalizing Disorders and Substance Use Problems @ Rutgers the State Univ of Nj Camden
[unreadable] DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this Research Career Development Award (K01) is to provide the PI with a 5-year period of coursework and mentored research in the areas of sophisticated longitudinal data analytic techniques and data collection so that she develops the expertise necessary to pursue an independent research career examining associations between internalizing disorders and substance use and disorders. The first training goal focuses on gaining expertise in a number of longitudinal statistical analysis techniques (e.g., growth curve modeling, latent transition analysis) and will be achieved through a combination of coursework and mentored research. These techniques will initially be applied to two longitudinal archival data sets, the Minnesota Twin Family Study and the Pittsburgh Youth Study (Years 1-4). The second training goal involves mentored data collection; frequent assessments of a sample of disadvantaged youth in Camden, New Jersey will be conducted (Years 4-5). In Year 5 of this career development award, the PI will apply her statistical expertise to her own longitudinal data from the Camden study and apply for an R01 grant to expand her Camden Longitudinal Study and examine emerging questions relating to psychopathology and substance use problems. [unreadable] [unreadable] The proposed research examines longitudinal associations between internalizing disorders (depression, generalized anxiety, and social anxiety) and substance use and disorders (abuse and dependence). Direct examinations of two important potential moderators of these associations-gender and antisocial behavior- will be included and are viewed as crucial to developing an accurate understanding of longitudinal pathways between and among these problems. By using sophisticated longitudinal statistical techniques that are both variable-centered and person-centered and by using three complementary data sets, the research conducted during the 5-year period of this career development award will result in a comprehensive model of the longitudinal associations between internalizing disorders and substance use and disorders and will enable the PI to proceed onto an independent, highly productive program of research that propels the field to a deeper and more thorough understanding of the associations between psychopathology and substance use problems over time. [unreadable] [unreadable] This research is important to public health because a clear understanding of the associations between mental health and substance use problems will lead to more effective and targeted prevention and intervention efforts, thereby reducing the burden of mental illness and substance use problems on society. [unreadable] [unreadable] [unreadable]
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0.927 |
2014 — 2015 |
Marmorstein, Naomi R |
R21Activity Code Description: To encourage the development of new research activities in categorical program areas. (Support generally is restricted in level of support and in time.) |
Longitudinal Associations Between Obesity and Depression: a Community-Based Study @ Rutgers the State Univ of Nj Camden
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity and major depressive disorder (MDD) are increasingly common and pose enormous costs to individuals and society in the forms of health-care expenses, lost productivity, and personal distress. These disorders co-occur at rates greater than chance, though the specifics of how, among whom, and why remain unclear. This project will approach this issue in three different ways. In Aim #1, using a longitudinal prospective design, the degree to which earlier MDD predicts the onset of later obesity and the degree to which earlier obesity predicts the onset of later MDD will be examined during the period from childhood through early adulthood; this will enable us to identify periods of particula risk for the development of this comorbidity. In Aim #2, associations between these disorders within families will be examined by determining how MDD and obesity in parents are associated with risk for these same disorders in late-adolescent offspring. In Aim #3, possible causal associations between MDD and obesity will be investigated using longitudinal co-twin control and co-twin difference designs. In the co-twin control designs, twin pairs in which one has the disorder of interest (e.g., MDD) and the other does not are followed over time to examine the development of another disorder (e.g., obesity). If the twin with the earlier disorder is at increased risk for the later disorder compared to the co-twin without the disorder, this points to the earlier disorder creating an experiential context with a causal influence on the development of the later disorder. If the twin without the initial disorder shows risk for the later disorder tat is equivalent to that of the co-twin with the initial disorder, this points to the likelihood that oneis not part of the causal chain for the development of the other. Discordant monozygotic twins are particularly informative because they share both the same genetic make-ups and rearing environments. Co-twin difference analyses extend the co-twin control design by utilizing these same principles to maximize statistical power by using the entire sample and dimensional measures of body mass index and MDD symptoms. To address these Aims, archival data from the Minnesota Twin Family Study will be used. This is a community-based sample of twins and their parents, with clinical assessments of MDD and obesity every 3-4 years from ages 11 to 29 (up to 6 time points) in the youth, as well as clinical assessments of MDD and obesity in their parents. The youth sample sizes at different ages range from 2,510 to 3,762, with follow-up rates above 87% at each assessment. In addition, data are available on 3,622 parents. To maximize both public health impact and statistical power, both dimensional and categorical analyses are planned. By elucidating longitudinal associations between MDD and obesity, the associations between these disorders within families, and the potential causal paths between these disorders, this project has a high likelihood of yielding an improved understanding of these associations.
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0.927 |