Area:
Neuroscience Biology, Physiological Psychology, Ecology Biology, Zoology Biology
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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, Richard T. Marrocco is the likely recipient of the following grants.
Years |
Recipients |
Code |
Title / Keywords |
Matching score |
1982 — 1986 |
Marrocco, Richard |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Physiology of Visual Efferent Pathways @ University of Oregon Eugene |
0.915 |
1994 — 1996 |
Marrocco, Richard T. |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Norepinephrine and Visual Orienting
The long-term goal of the proposed research is to understand the neurochemistry of spatial attention. In order to do this, we will use in vivo voltammetry to measure micromolar changes in concentration of dopamine and norepinephrine with 50 msec temporal resolution. The method will be used in Rhesus monkeys trained to shift their attention to various environmental stimuli while maintaining visual fixation. Control procedures using catecholamine depleting drugs will be employed to determine the identity of the transmitter that produces the observed voltammetric changes. Previous work in the neurochemistry of attention has largely ignored the dynamic nature of the attention shifting process. The present work overcomes these problems by the use of human chronometric methods (Posner paradigm) that allow assessment of both the attentional and arousal components of attention shifting. The temporal resolution of the high speed voltammetric method is comparable to the speed of the attentional shifts revealed by the Posner paradigm. The involvement of catecholamines in many disorders with attentional components, including Parkinson's disease, attention deficit disorders, and closed head trauma has been clearly established. While our study is not likely to find cures for these disorders, it could provide a rational basis for pharmacological treatments of the attentional components of these disease states.
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1 |
2001 — 2003 |
Marrocco, Richard T. |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
The Neurochemistry of Visuospatial Attention
DESCRIPTION(adapted from applicant's abstract): The long-term goal of the proposed research is to identify and understand the cellular mechanisms of spatial attention. Previous accounts of the mechanisms underlying spatial attention are based on damage to structures following strokes in human patients. However, the results of these studies neither correlate well with each other nor with monkey studies that used more precise, reversible lesions of the same structures, despite the interspecies similarity of attention shifting behaviors. Our goal is to develop a model of attention shifting that is more consonant with new data on 1) the mechanisms that move the eyes, 2) the interdependence of structures mediating overt and covert movements in humans, and 3) new data on the importance of acetylcholine for covert orienting. To accomplish this, we will use the method of iocal drug infusion to alter attentional orienting in trained Rhesus monkeys. The animals are taught to shift attention to peripheral targets while maintaining visual fixation. As a control condition, they are also tained to attend to target changes at the fixation point. The results will be important because they will identify the structures normally used to shift the attention, and by deduction, the structures that are malfunctioning in attention-deficit disorder and Alzheimer's disease. The pharmacological results may also help develop more rational strategies for treating attentional disorders and may clarify the attentional benefits of tobacco use and abuse.
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1 |