Area:
visual neuroscience
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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, Gustav A. Engbretson is the likely recipient of the following grants.
Years |
Recipients |
Code |
Title / Keywords |
Matching score |
1985 — 1989 |
Engbretson, Gustav A |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Visual Information Processing by the Parietal Eye @ Syracuse University At Syracuse
The parietal eye of lizards extracts, processes and sends to the brain information about the light striking its retina. The retina lacks bipolar cells and has only one plexiform layer. Photoreceptors synapse directly onto ganglion cells. Afferent signal flow is modified by the activity of efferent fibers. It is proposed to identify the morphological and physiological substrates for visual information processing in this retina. The morphological methods to be employed include: 1) three-dimensional reconstruction of serial electron micrographs to identify synaptic connectivity, 2) immunocytochemistry to localize possible transmitter substances, and 3) horseradish peroxidase histochemistry to differentiate neural connectivity. Both extracellular and intracellular recording techniques will be utilized to examine: 1) the physiological characteristics of photoreceptors and neurons and, 2) the information processing of synaptic connections. This proposal focuses on the parietal eye as a sensory and organ involved in visual information processing. The relatively simple neural organization of the parietal eye contrasts with the extremely complex organization of the retina. I expect that a close analysis of the parietal eye will reveal similarities and differences which viewed in comparative light may reveal important and generalizable features of sensosy processing. The health-related aspects of this work are indirect, deriving mainly from an increased understanding of basic mechanisms of retinal function.
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1 |
2001 — 2003 |
Engbretson, Gustav A |
R03Activity Code Description: To provide research support specifically limited in time and amount for studies in categorical program areas. Small grants provide flexibility for initiating studies which are generally for preliminary short-term projects and are non-renewable. |
Targeted Cell Ablation in the Retina
DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's abstract) This pilot project will develop transgenic techniques for ablating specific cells in the retina of the African Clawed Frog Xenopus laevis. The technology will be used for studying the role of photoreceptor interactions in the development, function and health of the retina. Specific Aims are to: 1. Develop strains of Xenopus with rodless retinas. 2. Place rod-specific ablation in Xenopus under the control of an inducible system. The strategy is to use existing cell-specific promoters and toxin genes to produce breeding lines of Xenopus in which specific photoreceptor populations, initially rods, can be eliminated in the embryo or the adult retina. Aim 1 will develop the molecular biological tools and then study the effects of rod death on the retina using light and electron microscopy. Aim 2 will place the toxin/promoter gene under the control of an inducible system permitting the timed ablation of specific retinal cells. Successful development of this technology should provide new methods for addressing such questions as: Why do dying rods kill cones in diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and perhaps macular degeneration? How do retinal precursor cells interact to determine cell fate and differentiation? How is the neural circuitry of the retina established and maintained? It may provide new insights for developing potential therapies using gene delivery, growth factors and transplantation. It may also yield new methods for studying information processing and plasticity in the visual system. If successful, this project has high potential for opening new avenues of research on questions of retinal function in health and disease.
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1 |