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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, Richard J. McNally is the likely recipient of the following grants.
Years |
Recipients |
Code |
Title / Keywords |
Matching score |
1994 — 1996 |
Mcnally, Richard J |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Panic and Cognition
Psychopathologists have increasingly applied experimental cognitive psychology paradigms to elucidate automatic information-processing biases associated with panic disorder. The theoretical motivation for targeting automaticity arises from the "ego-dystonic" phenomenology of panic; panic attacks appear involuntary, thereby implying that the underlying mechanisms are automatic, not strategic (i.e., involuntary, conscious, effortful). Although extant anxiety research has been incapable of distinguishing between automatic and strategic processing, recent breakthroughs in cognitive science now provide approaches for isolating automaticity. The purpose of the four experiments proposed here is to apply these methods to determine whether panic disorder is characterized by 1) automatic attentional biases for processing threat cues, 2) deficits in strategic control over attentional biases for threat, and 3) memory biases for threat. These methods include Jacoby's (1991) process- dissociation procedures, a hybrid paradigm incorporating elements of repetition priming and word naming, and a hybrid paradigm incorporating elements of repetition priming and Stroop color-naming. Control groups of normal subjects, social phobia patients, and major depressive disorder patients will reveal whether predicted cognitive biases are specific to panic disorder or whether they occur in other emotional disorders. Control stimuli of positive valence will reveal whether predicted biases are specific to information about threat or whether they extend to any emotional information. Determination of automatic attentional and memory biases for threat ought to clarify what cognitive dysfunctions figure in the maintenance of panic disorder.
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1 |
2001 — 2004 |
Mcnally, Richard J |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Cognitive Psychology of Traumatic Memory
The debate regarding the reality of repressed and recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has occurred almost entirely uninformed by data on memory functioning in individuals reporting recovered memories of CSA. The purpose of the proposed research, therefore, is to test hypotheses about memory in women who either 1) report recovering memories of CSA that have been corroborated, 2) report recovering memories of CSA that have not been corroborated, 3) report never having forgotten their abuse, 4) report believing that they harbor repressed memories of abuse, or 5) report never having been exposed to CSA. Proponents of both the recovered memory and false memory perspectives agree that people who report recalling long- forgotten memories of CSA differ cognitively from those who report never having forgotten their abuse. Proponents of the first perspective suggest that people reporting (corroborated) recovered (or repressed) memories of CSA are characterized by impairments in autobiographical memory and by heightened ability to forget disturbing material relative to people reporting continuous abuse memories or no history of abuse. Proponent of the second perspective hold that people reporting (uncorroborated) recovered memories of CSA are characterized by deficits in reality monitoring (ability to distinguish perceived events from imagined events) and by proneness to "recalling" events that never happened to them. Four laboratory experiments are proposed that test each of these hypotheses, and a fifth study designed to identify individual difference variables (e.g., fantasy proneness, imagery ability) that predict performance in these memory tasks is proposed.
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1 |