Area:
Learning and Memory
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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, Steven B. Harrod is the likely recipient of the following grants.
Years |
Recipients |
Code |
Title / Keywords |
Matching score |
2000 — 2001 |
Harrod, Steven B |
F32Activity Code Description: To provide postdoctoral research training to individuals to broaden their scientific background and extend their potential for research in specified health-related areas. |
Lobeline Analogs and Amphetamine Self Administration
Neuroscientists have devised inventive procedures to investigate drugs of abuse. One procedure, the self administration model, is a useful technique to examine mechanisms and treatment of drug self administration. The present proposal will investigate issues related to amphetamine self-administration in rats. Alpha-lobeline is a tobacco alkaloid derived from an Indian tobacco plant. Lobeline (LOB) has a similar neuropharmacological profile as amphetamine: both are potent inhibitors of the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2). However, rather than evoking dopamine efflux like that of amphetamine, lobeline results in the release DOPAC, a metabolite of dopamine which is not reinforcing. Targeting VMAT2 may be a promising approach in the treatment of amphetamine abuse, as mice that lack VMAT2 do not exhibit the effects of amphetamine reinforcement as measured through conditioned place preference. The present experiments will examine whether pretreatment of LOB will attenuate amphetamine self-administration in rats. Since LOB has a high affinity for nicotine receptors, structural analogs of LOB which are devoid of nicotinic receptor interaction, but which inhibit dopamine uptake, have been synthesized and are available for study. The present research will determine whether these analogs potently inhibit dopamine uptake at VMAT2 by using a dopamine uptake assay. The LOB analogs ability to decrease amphetamine self-administration, in comparison to LOB, will also be investigated. It is hypothesized that pretreatment of LOB and LOB analogs will reduce the cytosolic pool of dopamine available for release by subsequent administration of amphetamine, and thereby reduce amphetamine self-administration.
|
0.961 |
2007 — 2011 |
Harrod, Steven Brown |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Prenatal Iv Nicotine: Long-Term Vulnerability to Stimulant Drugs @ University of South Carolina At Columbia
[unreadable] DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Maternal cigarette smoking is a major public health problem in the United States. Overall, approximately 20% of women in the US are regular cigarette smokers. Only 30% of US women who abuse tobacco quit smoking when they find out they are pregnant. Epidemiological studies indicate that children of mothers who smoke -10 cigarettes a day throughout gestation exhibit increased vulnerability for substance abuse disorder. Currently, little is known about the neurobehavioral mechanisms through which prenatal nicotine (NIC) exposure renders offspring of maternal smokers more vulnerable to substance abuse. The proposed program of research will test the hypothesis that repeated, prenatal IV NIC will alter normal mesocorticolimbic DA function during gestation, thereby altering the locomotor, reinforcing, and rewarding effects of METH or COC in adulthood. The proposed mechanism of subsequent psychostimulant-induced behavioral alterations is dopaminergic. First, the dose dependent effects of prenatal NIC on the induction, and expression, of intravenous (IV) methamphetamine (METH) or cocaine (COC)-induced behavioral sensitization in adult female and male rats will be determined. We have found that maternal smoke exposure (putatively NIC) produced increased COC-induced hyperactivity in female offspring. Second, we will determine the changes in DA receptors and DA transporters in adult male and female rats prenatally exposed to NIC and behaviorally sensitized to IV METH or COC to establish a mechanism of action. Third, the effects of prenatal NIC on the relative reinforcement and reward produced by IV METH or COC in adult female and male rats will be determined. The long-term programmatic goal of the present research proposal is to elucidate the neurobiological mechanisms that render people exposed to in utero NIC more vulnerable to substance abuse. The IV model of prenatal NIC exposure, in combination with contemporary methods to assess drug related behaviors, is innovative and will be translational to the health issues of drug abuse and the neurological complications that result from maternal smoking. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop drug prevention strategies and pharmacotherapies to decrease vulnerability to drug abuse. [unreadable] [unreadable] [unreadable]
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