| Jacob Fidelis Ackermann | | | | | |
| Philipp Friedrich Arnold | Anatomy, physiology | | | 1826 | Friedrich Tiedemann (grad student), Vincent Fohmann (research assistant), Leopold Gmelin (research assistant) |
| Robert Bárány | Otorhinolaryngology | | | 1902 | Emil Kraepelin (post-doc) |
| Helmut Beckmann | | | | | |
| Otto Bütschli | Zoology, paleontology | | 1868 | 1869 | Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (post-doc) |
| Vincent Fohmann | Anatomy | | 1817 | 1823 | Friedrich Tiedemann (research scientist) |
| Johann Peter Frank | public health reformer | | | 1766 | Georg Matthäus Gattenhof (grad student), Franz Gabriel Schönmetzel (research assistant), Franz Joseph von Oberkamp (research assistant) |
| Wagner F. Gattaz | | | | | Helmut Beckmann (grad student) |
| Georg Matthäus Gattenhof | anatomy, medicine, botany | | | | |
| Gerald F. Gebhart | Visceral Pain | | | | Manfred Zimmermann (research scientist) |
| Carl Gegenbaur | Comparative anatomy, zoology | | | | |
| Alexander Groh | Sensory Systems, Thalamus, Corticothalamic | | | | |
| Felix Jung | | Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology | 2017 | 2018 | Andreas Draguhn (grad student) |
| Albrecht Kossel | | | | | |
| Ernest-Alexandre Lauth | Physiology | | | 1823 | Vincent Fohmann (research assistant) |
| Rudolf Magnus | pharmacology | | | 1898 | Wilhelm Kühne (grad student) |
| Ulrich Misgeld | | | | | |
| Hannah Monyer | genetics, oscillatory networks | | | | |
| Franz Carl Nägele | Obstetrics | | | | |
| William Halse Rivers | Neurology, anthropology | | | 1893 | Emil Kraepelin (post-doc) |
| Hector Romo-Parra | Neuromodulation, Cancer, Neuropathology | | | | Ulrich Misgeld (post-doc) |
| André Rupp | | Psychologisches Institut | 1997 | 1999 | Joachim Funke (grad student) |
| Franz Gabriel Schönmetzel | | | | | |
| Peter H. Seeburg | glutamate receptors | | | | |
| Desiree R Seib | adult neurogenesis | | | | |
| Hugo Spatz | Neuroanatomy | | | 1914 | Franz Nissl (grad student) |
| Herbert Steinbeisser | | | | | Edward M. De Robertis (post-doc) |
| Hermann Steller | Verified eprotein degradation, proteasome, cell death, neuronal degeneration, developmental biology | | | 1984 | Vincenzo Pirrotta (grad student) |
| Friedrich Tiedemann | Anatomy and Physiology | | | | |
| Laurent Venance | | | | | Hannah Monyer (grad student) |
| Karl von Vierordt | Time perception | Anatomy and physiology Medicine | 1839 | 1841 | Friedrich Tiedemann (research assistant), Franz Carl Nägele (research assistant) |
| Philippus Theophrastus Aureolus Bombastus von Hohenheim (Paracelsus) | medicine, alchemy | | | | Johannes Trithemius (research scientist) |
| Albert von Kölliker | Comparative anatomy, embryology | | | 1842 | Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle (grad student) |
| Ludolf von Krehl | Cardiac pathology, fever symptoms, metabolic disease | | | | |
| Franz Philipp von Oberkamp | Anatomy | | | | |
| Friedrich Wöhler | Chemistry | | | 1823 | Leopold Gmelin (research assistant), Friedrich Tiedemann (research assistant), Franz Carl Nägele (grad student) |
| Wilhelm Wundt | Experimental psychology, social psychology | | 1858 | 1863 | Hermann von Helmholtz (research scientist), Karl Ewald Hasse (grad student), Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (research assistant) |
| Manfred Zimmermann | | | | | |