Alex H. Kral, Ph.D. - Publications

Affiliations: 
2000 University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States 
Area:
Public Health, Epidemiology

168 high-probability publications. We are testing a new system for linking publications to authors. You can help! If you notice any inaccuracies, please sign in and mark papers as correct or incorrect matches. If you identify any major omissions or other inaccuracies in the publication list, please let us know.

Year Citation  Score
2022 Duhart Clarke SE, Megerian CE, Suen LW, Wenger LD, Lambdin BH, Davidson PJ, Kral AH. Prevalence and factors associated with neck injection among people who inject drugs in San Francisco, California. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 241: 109686. PMID 36402050 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109686  0.304
2022 Chiang JC, Bluthenthal RN, Wenger LD, Auerswald CL, Henwood BF, Kral AH. Health risk associated with residential relocation among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, CA: a cross sectional study. Bmc Public Health. 22: 823. PMID 35468819 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13227-4  0.31
2022 Suen LW, Davidson PJ, Browne EN, Lambdin BH, Wenger LD, Kral AH. Effect of an Unsanctioned Safe Consumption Site in the United States on Syringe Sharing, Rushed Injections, and Isolated Injection Drug Use: A Longitudinal Cohort Analysis. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999). 89: 172-177. PMID 34723925 DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002849  0.36
2021 Duhart Clarke SE, Kral AH, Zibbell JE. Consuming illicit opioids during a drug overdose epidemic: Illicit fentanyls, drug discernment, and the radical transformation of the illicit opioid market. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 99: 103467. PMID 34662847 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103467  0.309
2021 Allen ST, Schneider KE, Mazhnaya A, White RH, O'Rourke A, Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN, Kilkenny ME, Sherman SG. Factors Associated with Likelihood of Initiating Others into Injection Drug Use Among People Who Inject Drugs in West Virginia. Aids and Behavior. PMID 34076812 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03325-6  0.373
2021 Walters SM, Kral AH, Lamb S, Goldshear JL, Wenger L, Bluthenthal RN. Correlates of Transactional Sex and Violent Victimization among Men Who Inject Drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. PMID 33409836 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-020-00494-y  0.301
2020 Walters SM, Kral AH, Simpson KA, Wenger L, Bluthenthal RN. HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Prevention Awareness, Willingness, and Perceived Barriers among People Who Inject Drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, CA, 2016-2018. Substance Use & Misuse. 1-11. PMID 32962490 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1823419  0.336
2020 Lambdin BH, Bluthenthal RN, Wenger LD, Wheeler E, Garner B, Lakosky P, Kral AH. Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution Within Syringe Service Programs - United States, 2019. Mmwr. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 69: 1117-1121. PMID 32817603 DOI: 10.15585/Mmwr.Mm6933A2  0.382
2020 Kral AH, Lambdin BH, Wenger LD, Davidson PJ. Evaluation of an Unsanctioned Safe Consumption Site in the United States. The New England Journal of Medicine. PMID 32640126 DOI: 10.1056/Nejmc2015435  0.391
2020 Bluthenthal RN, Simpson K, Ceasar RC, Zhao J, Wenger L, Kral AH. Opioid withdrawal symptoms, frequency, and pain characteristics as correlates of health risk among people who inject drugs. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 107932. PMID 32199668 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2020.107932  0.375
2020 Simpson KA, Kral AH, Goldshear JL, Wenger L, Strike CS, Bluthenthal RN. Reasons for assisting with injection initiation: Results from a large survey of people who inject drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 209: 107885. PMID 32058244 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2020.107885  0.451
2019 Wagner AD, Gimbel S, Ásbjörnsdóttir KH, Cherutich P, Coutinho J, Crocker J, Cruz E, Cuembelo F, Cumbe V, Eastment M, Einberg J, Floriano F, Gaitho D, Guthrie BL, John-Stewart G, ... Kral AH, et al. Cascade Analysis: An Adaptable Implementation Strategy Across HIV and Non-HIV Delivery Platforms. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999). 82: S322-S331. PMID 31764270 DOI: 10.1097/Qai.0000000000002220  0.315
2019 Lambdin BH, Bluthenthal RN, Zibbell JE, Wenger L, Simpson K, Kral AH. Associations between perceived illicit fentanyl use and infectious disease risks among people who inject drugs. The International Journal On Drug Policy. PMID 31733979 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2019.10.004  0.459
2019 Wenger LD, Showalter D, Lambdin B, Leiva D, Wheeler E, Davidson PJ, Coffin PO, Binswanger IA, Kral AH. Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution in the San Francisco County Jail. Journal of Correctional Health Care : the Official Journal of the National Commission On Correctional Health Care. 1078345819882771. PMID 31672075 DOI: 10.1177/1078345819882771  0.319
2019 Zhao JK, Kral AH, Wenger LD, Bluthenthal RN. Characteristics Associated with Nonmedical Methadone Use among People Who Inject Drugs in California. Substance Use & Misuse. 1-10. PMID 31608746 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1673420  0.382
2019 White RH, O'Rourke A, Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH, Kilkenny ME, Hazelett TD, Sherman SG, Allen ST. Initiating Persons into Injection Drug Use in Rural West Virginia, USA. Substance Use & Misuse. 1-8. PMID 31591948 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1669660  0.44
2019 O'Keefe D, Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH, Aitken CK, McCormack A, Dietze PM. Measures of harm reduction service provision for people who inject drugs. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 97: 605-611. PMID 31474773 DOI: 10.2471/Blt.18.224089  0.434
2019 Barbosa C, Fraser H, Hoerger TJ, Leib A, Havens JR, Young A, Kral A, Page K, Evans J, Zibbell J, Hariri S, Vellozzi C, Nerlander L, Ward JW, Vickerman P. Cost-Effectiveness of Scaling Up HCV Prevention and Treatment in the United States for People Who Inject Drugs. Addiction (Abingdon, England). PMID 31307116 DOI: 10.1111/Add.14731  0.353
2019 Levine H, Bartholomew TS, Rea-Wilson V, Onugha J, Arriola DJ, Cardenas G, Forrest DW, Kral AH, Metsch LR, Spencer E, Tookes H. Syringe disposal among people who inject drugs before and after the implementation of a syringe services program. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 202: 13-17. PMID 31280002 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2019.04.025  0.455
2019 Roth AM, Kral AH, Mitchell A, Mukherjee R, Davidson P, Lankenau SE. Overdose Prevention Site Acceptability among Residents and Businesses Surrounding a Proposed Site in Philadelphia, USA. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. PMID 31168733 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-019-00364-2  0.419
2019 Navarro S, Kral AH, Strike CS, Simpson K, Wenger L, Bluthenthal RN. Factors Associated with Frequency of Recent Initiation of Others into Injection Drug Use Among People Who Inject Drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, CA, USA, 2016-17. Substance Use & Misuse. 1-10. PMID 31046508 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1608252  0.432
2019 Knittel AK, Lambdin BH, Comfort ML, Kral AH, Lorvick J. Sexual Risk and Criminal Justice Involvement Among Women Who Use Drugs. Aids and Behavior. PMID 30859344 DOI: 10.1007/S10461-019-02447-2  0.387
2019 Kennedy-Hendricks A, Bluestein J, Kral AH, Barry CL, Sherman SG. Establishing Sanctioned Safe Consumption Sites in the United States: Five Jurisdictions Moving the Policy Agenda Forward. Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.). appips201800398. PMID 30755131 DOI: 10.1176/Appi.Ps.201800398  0.307
2019 Werb D, Bluthenthal RN, Kolla G, Strike C, Kral AH, Uusküla A, Des Jarlais D. Preventing Injection Drug use Initiation: State of the Evidence and Opportunities for the Future. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 95: 91-98. PMID 28948444 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-017-0192-8  0.485
2019 Steinberg J, Kral AH, Sumstine S, Wenger LD, D’Anna L, Bluthenthal RN. Gang Involvement and Drug Use Histories Among People Who Inject Drugs in California: A Retrospective Analysis Journal of Drug Issues. 49: 593-606. DOI: 10.1177/0022042619853295  0.442
2018 Lamb S, Kral AH, Dominguez-Gonzalez K, Wenger LD, Bluthenthal RN. Peer-to-peer injection: Demographic, drug use, and injection-related risk factors. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 61: 44-51. PMID 30388569 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2018.07.001  0.416
2018 Peiper NC, Clarke SD, Vincent LB, Ciccarone D, Kral AH, Zibbell JE. Fentanyl test strips as an opioid overdose prevention strategy: Findings from a syringe services program in the Southeastern United States. The International Journal On Drug Policy. PMID 30292493 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2018.08.007  0.375
2018 Lambdin BH, Comfort M, Kral AH, Lorvick J. Accumulation of Jail Incarceration and Hardship, Health Status, and Unmet Health Care Need Among Women Who Use Drugs. Women's Health Issues : Official Publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. PMID 30061031 DOI: 10.1016/J.Whi.2018.05.005  0.326
2018 Williams JE, Dangerfield DT, Kral AH, Wenger LD, Bluthenthal RN. Correlates of Sexual Coercion among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) in Los Angeles and San Francisco, CA. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. PMID 29616449 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-018-0238-6  0.363
2018 Bluthenthal RN, Chu D, Wenger LD, Bourgois P, Valente T, Kral AH. Differences in time to injection onset by drug in California: Implications for the emerging heroin epidemic. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 185: 253-259. PMID 29477084 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2018.01.005  0.462
2018 Lopez AM, Comfort M, Powers C, Kral AH, Lorvick J. Structural Vulnerability and Supplemental Security Income: Subtle Modes of Punitive Governance within Federal Social Welfare Human Organization. 77: 302-311. DOI: 10.17730/0018-7259.77.4.302  0.339
2018 Barbosa C, Fraser H, Hoerger T, Leib A, Evans J, Havens J, Nerlander L, Page K, Young A, Kral A, Zibbell J, Hariri S, Vellozzi C, Ward J, Vickerman P. Cost-effectiveness of scaling up Hepatitis C virus prevention, testing and treatment interventions among people who inject drugs in the US Journal of Hepatology. 68. DOI: 10.1016/S0168-8278(18)30584-1  0.34
2017 Davidson PJ, Lopez AM, Kral AH. Using drugs in un/safe spaces: Impact of perceived illegality on an underground supervised injecting facility in the United States. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 53: 37-44. PMID 29278831 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2017.12.005  0.404
2017 Meacham MC, Ramo DE, Kral AH, Riley ED. Associations between medical cannabis and other drug use among unstably housed women. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 52: 45-51. PMID 29227883 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2017.11.009  0.323
2017 Lorvick J, Comfort M, Kral AH, Lambdin BH. Exploring Lifetime Accumulation of Criminal Justice Involvement and Associated Health and Social Outcomes in a Community-Based Sample of Women who Use Drugs. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. PMID 29214435 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-017-0204-8  0.327
2017 Glasheen C, Johnson EO, Lorvick J, Kral AH. Measures of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) community viral load and HIV incidence among people who inject drugs. Annals of Epidemiology. PMID 29153491 DOI: 10.1016/J.Annepidem.2017.10.015  0.371
2017 Kral AH, Lambdin BH, Comfort M, Powers C, Cheng H, Lopez AM, Murdoch RO, Neilands TB, Lorvick J. A Strengths-Based Case Management Intervention to Reduce HIV Viral Load Among People Who Use Drugs. Aids and Behavior. PMID 28916898 DOI: 10.1007/S10461-017-1903-6  0.358
2017 Lambdin BH, Lorvick J, Mbwambo JK, Rwegasha J, Hassan S, Lum P, Kral AH. Prevalence and predictors of HCV among a cohort of opioid treatment patients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 45: 64-69. PMID 28628854 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2017.05.043  0.322
2017 Lambdin BH, Kral AH, Comfort M, Lopez AM, Lorvick J. Associations of criminal justice and substance use treatment involvement with HIV/HCV testing and the HIV treatment cascade among people who use drugs in Oakland, California. Addiction Science & Clinical Practice. 12: 13. PMID 28610602 DOI: 10.1186/S13722-017-0078-9  0.436
2017 Dahlman D, Kral AH, Wenger L, Hakansson A, Novak SP. Physical pain is common and associated with nonmedical prescription opioid use among people who inject drugs. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy. 12: 29. PMID 28558841 DOI: 10.1186/S13011-017-0112-7  0.383
2017 Bluthenthal RN, Wenger L, Chu D, Bourgois P, Kral AH. Drug use generations and patterns of injection drug use: Birth cohort differences among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 175: 210-218. PMID 28448905 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2017.04.001  0.445
2017 Powers C, Comfort M, Lopez AM, Kral AH, Murdoch O, Lorvick J. Addressing Structural Barriers to HIV Care among Triply Diagnosed Adults: Project Bridge Oakland. Health & Social Work. 1-9. PMID 28340193 DOI: 10.1093/Hsw/Hlx013  0.333
2017 Kral A, Comfort ML, Powers C, Cheng H, Lopez A, Lambdin B, Lorvick J. Impact of a strengths-based case management intervention on HIV viral load among people who use drugs in Oakland, California Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 171: e109-e110. DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2016.08.306  0.362
2016 Dahlman D, Abrahamsson T, Kral AH, Hakansson A. Nonmedical Use of Antihistaminergic Anxiolytics and Other Prescription Drugs among Persons with Opioid Dependence. Journal of Addiction. 2016: 9298571. PMID 28097037 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9298571  0.329
2016 Dahlman D, Håkansson A, Kral AH, Wenger L, Ball EK, Novak SP. Behavioral characteristics and injection practices associated with skin and soft tissue infections among people who inject drugs: A community-based observational study. Substance Abuse. 0. PMID 27897966 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2016.1263592  0.381
2016 Dahlman D, Berge J, Nilsson AC, Kral AH, Bjorkman P, Hakansson AC. Opioid and amphetamine dependence is associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): An epidemiological register study with 73,201 Swedish in- and outpatients 1997-2013. Infectious Diseases (London, England). 1-8. PMID 27701936 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2016.1237038  0.313
2016 Wenger LD, Lopez AM, Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN. Moral ambivalence and the decision to initiate others into injection drug use: A qualitative study in two California cities. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 37: 42-51. PMID 27572714 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2016.07.008  0.43
2016 Riley ED, Kral AH, Cohen J, Dilworth SE, Shumway M, Lynch KL. Levamisole-Contaminated Cocaine Use in HIV-Infected and Uninfected Unstably Housed Women. Journal of Women's Health (2002). PMID 27203838 DOI: 10.1089/Jwh.2015.5532  0.335
2016 Schmitz J, Kral AH, Chu D, Wenger LD, Bluthenthal RN. Food insecurity among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco. Public Health Nutrition. 1-9. PMID 26956477 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980016000306  0.324
2016 Novak SP, Bluthenthal R, Wenger L, Chu D, Kral AH. Initiation of Heroin and Prescription Opioid Pain Relievers by Birth Cohort. American Journal of Public Health. 106: 298-300. PMID 26691120 DOI: 10.2105/Ajph.2015.302972  0.394
2016 Irwin A, Jozaghi E, Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH. A Cost-Benefit Analysis of a Potential Supervised Injection Facility in San Francisco, California, USA Journal of Drug Issues. 47: 164-184. DOI: 10.1177/0022042616679829  0.334
2016 Johnson KL, Desmarais SL, Van Dorn RA, Lutnick A, Kral AH, Lorvick J. Correlates of risky heterosexual behaviors among women who use methamphetamine Journal of Drug Issues. 46: 148-160. DOI: 10.1177/0022042616629512  0.364
2015 Dahlman D, Håkansson A, Björkman P, Blomé MA, Kral AH. Correlates of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Injection Drug Users in a Syringe-Exchange Program in Malmö, Sweden. Substance Use & Misuse. 50: 1529-35. PMID 26583450 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2015.1023450  0.377
2015 Rade CB, Desmarais SL, Van Dorn RA, Lutnick A, Kral AH, Lorvick J. Mental health correlates of drug treatment among women who use methamphetamine. The American Journal On Addictions / American Academy of Psychiatrists in Alcoholism and Addictions. 24: 646-53. PMID 26300389 DOI: 10.1111/Ajad.12279  0.346
2015 Johnson EO, Hancock DB, Levy JL, Gaddis NC, Page GP, Glasheen C, Saccone NL, Bierut LJ, Kral AH. KAT2B polymorphism identified for drug abuse in African Americans with regulatory links to drug abuse pathways in human prefrontal cortex. Addiction Biology. PMID 26202629 DOI: 10.1111/Adb.12286  0.35
2015 Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH. Next steps in research on injection initiation incidence and prevention. Addiction (Abingdon, England). 110: 1258-9. PMID 26173157 DOI: 10.1111/Add.13001  0.457
2015 Kral AH, Wenger L, Novak SP, Chu D, Corsi KF, Coffa D, Shapiro B, Bluthenthal RN. Is cannabis use associated with less opioid use among people who inject drugs? Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 153: 236-41. PMID 26051162 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2015.05.014  0.386
2015 Hancock DB, Gaddis NC, Levy JL, Bierut LJ, Kral AH, Johnson EO. Associations of common variants in the BST2 region with HIV-1 acquisition in African American and European American people who inject drugs. Aids (London, England). 29: 767-77. PMID 25985399 DOI: 10.1097/Qad.0000000000000604  0.332
2015 Dyal SR, Kral AH, Dominguez Gonzalez K, Wenger LD, Bluthenthal RN. Consistency of self-reported drug use events in a mixed methods study of people who inject drugs. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 41: 332-8. PMID 25970020 DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2015.1037842  0.428
2015 Johnson EO, Hancock DB, Gaddis NC, Levy JL, Page G, Novak SP, Glasheen C, Saccone NL, Rice JP, Moreau MP, Doheny KF, Romm JM, Brooks AI, Aouizerat BE, Bierut LJ, ... Kral AH, et al. Novel genetic locus implicated for HIV-1 acquisition with putative regulatory links to HIV replication and infectivity: a genome-wide association study. Plos One. 10: e0118149. PMID 25786224 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pone.0118149  0.332
2015 Lynch KL, Shapiro BJ, Coffa D, Novak SP, Kral AH. Promethazine use among chronic pain patients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 150: 92-7. PMID 25754939 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2015.02.023  0.333
2015 Bluthenthal RN, Wenger L, Chu D, Lorvick J, Quinn B, Thing JP, Kral AH. Factors associated with being asked to initiate someone into injection drug use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 149: 252-8. PMID 25735468 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2015.02.011  0.451
2015 Davidson PJ, Martinez A, Lutnick A, Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN. Drug-related deaths and the sales of needles through pharmacies. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 147: 229-34. PMID 25499730 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2014.11.022  0.438
2015 Comfort M, Lopez AM, Powers C, Kral AH, Lorvick J. How Institutions Deprive: Ethnography, Social Work, and Interventionist Ethics Among the Hypermarginalized Rsf: the Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences. 1: 100-119. DOI: 10.7758/Rsf.2015.1.1.06  0.326
2015 Lorvick J, Comfort ML, Krebs CP, Kral AH. Health service use and social vulnerability in a community-based sample of women on probation and parole, 2011–2013 Health & Justice. 3. DOI: 10.1186/S40352-015-0024-4  0.307
2015 Bluthenthal R, Chu D, Wenger L, Valente T, Kral A. Does type of drug lead to quicker onset of injection? Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 156: e21. DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2015.07.976  0.399
2015 Kral A, Wenger L, Novak SP, Corsi KF, Bluthenthal R. Is marijuana use associated with less opioid use among people who inject drugs? Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 156: e118. DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2015.07.327  0.421
2015 Chu D, Kral A, Huh J, Bluthenthal R. Poly-substance use profiles among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 156: e44. DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2015.07.1038  0.447
2015 Lorvick J, Comfort ML, Quinn B, Krebs C, Kral A. Heightened vulnerability associated with criminal justice involvement among women who use drugs Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 146: e186-e187. DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2014.09.422  0.384
2015 Kral A, Wenger L, Chu D, Quinn B, Thing J, Lorvick J, Bluthenthal R. Initiating people into illicit drug injection Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 146: e164. DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2014.09.363  0.31
2015 Bluthenthal R, Wenger L, Thing J, Chu D, Lorvick J, Quinn B, Kral A. Factors associated with precursors to initiating other people into injection drug use Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 146: e224-e225. DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2014.09.078  0.439
2014 Lorvick J, Lutnick A, Wenger LD, Bourgois P, Cheng H, Kral AH. Non-partner violence against women who use drugs in San Francisco. Violence Against Women. 20: 1285-98. PMID 25288597 DOI: 10.1177/1077801214552910  0.332
2014 Bluthenthal RN, Wenger L, Chu D, Quinn B, Thing J, Kral AH. Factors associated with initiating someone into illicit drug injection. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 144: 186-92. PMID 25282308 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2014.09.008  0.452
2014 Rose VJ, Lutnick A, Kral AH. Feasibility of providing interventions for injection drug users in pharmacy settings: a case study among San Francisco pharmacists. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 46: 226-32. PMID 25052881 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2014.921745  0.415
2014 Hammett TM, Phan S, Gaggin J, Case P, Zaller N, Lutnick A, Kral AH, Fedorova EV, Heimer R, Small W, Pollini R, Beletsky L, Latkin C, Des Jarlais DC. Pharmacies as providers of expanded health services for people who inject drugs: a review of laws, policies, and barriers in six countries. Bmc Health Services Research. 14: 261. PMID 24938376 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-14-261  0.387
2014 Quinn B, Chu D, Wenger L, Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH. Syringe disposal among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles: the role of sterile syringe source. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 25: 905-10. PMID 24930425 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2014.05.008  0.428
2014 Martinez AN, Mobley LR, Lorvick J, Novak SP, Lopez A, Kral AH. Spatial analysis of HIV positive injection drug users in San Francisco, 1987 to 2005. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 11: 3937-55. PMID 24722543 DOI: 10.3390/Ijerph110403937  0.369
2014 Wenger LD, Lopez AM, Comfort M, Kral AH. The phenomenon of low-frequency heroin injection among street-based urban poor: drug user strategies and contexts of use. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 25: 471-9. PMID 24690452 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2014.02.015  0.419
2014 Arreola S, Bluthenthal RN, Wenger L, Chu D, Thing J, Kral AH. Characteristics of people who initiate injection drug use later in life. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 138: 244-50. PMID 24661392 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2014.02.026  0.441
2014 Martinez AN, Lorvick J, Kral AH. Activity spaces among injection drug users in San Francisco. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 25: 516-24. PMID 24374172 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2013.11.008  0.393
2014 Powelson E, Lorvick J, Lutnick A, Wenger L, Klausner J, Kral AH. Unmet healthcare need among women who use methamphetamine in San Francisco. Substance Use & Misuse. 49: 243-52. PMID 23971895 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2013.825919  0.325
2014 Wagner KD, Davidson PJ, Iverson E, Washburn R, Burke E, Kral AH, McNeeley M, Jackson Bloom J, Lankenau SE. "I felt like a superhero": the experience of responding to drug overdose among individuals trained in overdose prevention. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 25: 157-65. PMID 23932166 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2013.07.003  0.39
2014 Bluthenthal R, Wenger L, Thing J, Arreola S, Chu D, Iguchi MY, Bourgois P, Kral A. Factors associated with time to injection initiation among drug injectors Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 140: e15-e16. DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2014.02.064  0.404
2013 Fink DS, Lindsay SP, Slymen DJ, Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN. Abscess and self-treatment among injection drug users at four California syringe exchanges and their surrounding communities. Substance Use & Misuse. 48: 523-31. PMID 23581506 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2013.787094  0.351
2013 Shapiro BJ, Lynch KL, Toochinda T, Lutnick A, Cheng HY, Kral AH. Promethazine misuse among methadone maintenance patients and community-based injection drug users. Journal of Addiction Medicine. 7: 96-101. PMID 23385449 DOI: 10.1097/Adm.0B013E31827F9B43  0.429
2013 Lopez AM, Bourgois P, Wenger LD, Lorvick J, Martinez AN, Kral AH. Interdisciplinary mixed methods research with structurally vulnerable populations: case studies of injection drug users in San Francisco. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 24: 101-9. PMID 23312109 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2012.12.004  0.37
2013 Lankenau SE, Wagner KD, Silva K, Kecojevic A, Iverson E, McNeely M, Kral AH. Injection drug users trained by overdose prevention programs: responses to witnessed overdoses. Journal of Community Health. 38: 133-41. PMID 22847602 DOI: 10.1007/S10900-012-9591-7  0.313
2013 Lutnick A, Cooper E, Dodson C, Bluthenthal R, Kral AH. Pharmacy syringe purchase test of nonprescription syringe sales in San Francisco and Los Angeles in 2010. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 90: 276-83. PMID 22718357 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-012-9713-7  0.366
2013 Harris JL, Lorvick J, Wenger L, Wilkins T, Iguchi MY, Bourgois P, Kral AH. Low-frequency heroin injection among out-of-treatment, street-recruited injection drug users. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 90: 299-306. PMID 22689300 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-012-9720-8  0.432
2013 Arreola SG, Ayala G, Díaz RM, Kral AH. Structure, agency, and sexual development of Latino gay men. Journal of Sex Research. 50: 392-400. PMID 22435920 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2011.648028  0.301
2012 Lutnick A, Lorvick J, Cheng H, Wenger L, Kral AH. What's Faith Got to Do with It? Religiosity Among Women Who Use Methamphetamine. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions. 12: 189-204. PMID 23105919 DOI: 10.1080/1533256X.2012.674861  0.383
2012 Lorvick J, Bourgois P, Wenger LD, Arreola SG, Lutnick A, Wechsberg WM, Kral AH. Sexual pleasure and sexual risk among women who use methamphetamine: a mixed methods study. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 23: 385-92. PMID 22954501 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2012.07.005  0.341
2012 Stopka TJ, Lutnick A, Wenger LD, Deriemer K, Geraghty EM, Kral AH. Demographic, risk, and spatial factors associated with over-the-counter syringe purchase among injection drug users. American Journal of Epidemiology. 176: 14-23. PMID 22562660 DOI: 10.1093/Aje/Kwr492  0.449
2012 Lutnick A, Case P, Kral AH. Injection drug users' perspectives on placing HIV prevention and other clinical services in pharmacy settings. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 89: 354-64. PMID 22231488 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-011-9651-9  0.335
2012 Tookes HE, Kral AH, Wenger LD, Cardenas GA, Martinez AN, Sherman RL, Pereyra M, Forrest DW, LaLota M, Metsch LR. A comparison of syringe disposal practices among injection drug users in a city with versus a city without needle and syringe programs. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 123: 255-9. PMID 22209091 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2011.12.001  0.414
2012 Martinez AN, D'Amico EJ, Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN. Nonmedical prescription drug use among injection drug users Journal of Drug Issues. 42: 216-225. DOI: 10.1177/0022042612456015  0.474
2011 Martinez AN, Bluthenthal RN, Neilands T, Kral AH. Assessing geographic and individual level factors associated with arrests among injection drug users in California. Health & Place. 17: 1258-65. PMID 21908228 DOI: 10.1016/J.Healthplace.2011.06.007  0.426
2011 Dias PT, Hahn JA, Delwart E, Edlin B, Martin J, Lum P, Evans J, Kral A, Deeks S, Busch MP, Page K. Temporal changes in HCV genotype distribution in three different high risk populations in San Francisco, California. Bmc Infectious Diseases. 11: 208. PMID 21810243 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-11-208  0.487
2011 Bennett AS, Bell A, Tomedi L, Hulsey EG, Kral AH. Characteristics of an overdose prevention, response, and naloxone distribution program in Pittsburgh and Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 88: 1020-30. PMID 21773877 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-011-9600-7  0.369
2011 Novak SP, Kral AH. Comparing injection and non-injection routes of administration for heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine users in the United States. Journal of Addictive Diseases. 30: 248-57. PMID 21745047 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2011.581989  0.46
2011 Riley ED, Moore KL, Haber S, Neilands TB, Cohen J, Kral AH. Population-level effects of uninterrupted health insurance on services use among HIV-positive unstably housed adults. Aids Care. 23: 822-30. PMID 21400308 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2010.538660  0.339
2011 Kral AH, Lorvick J, Martinez A, Lewis MA, Orr WA, Anderson R, Flynn N, Bluthenthal RN. HIV prevalence and risk among heterosexual methamphetamine injectors in California. Substance Use & Misuse. 46: 1081-9. PMID 21391786 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2011.557136  0.372
2011 Wenger LD, Arreola SG, Kral AH. The prospect of implementing a Safer Injection Facility in San Francisco: perspectives of community stakeholders. The International Journal On Drug Policy. 22: 239-41. PMID 21334185 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2011.01.001  0.376
2011 Havens JR, Oser CB, Knudsen HK, Lofwall M, Stoops WW, Walsh SL, Leukefeld CG, Kral AH. Individual and network factors associated with non-fatal overdose among rural Appalachian drug users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 115: 107-12. PMID 21126831 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2010.11.003  0.422
2011 Wenger LD, Martinez AN, Carpenter L, Geckeler D, Colfax G, Kral AH. Syringe disposal among injection drug users in San Francisco. American Journal of Public Health. 101: 484-6. PMID 20466956 DOI: 10.2105/Ajph.2009.179531  0.446
2011 Martinez AN, Bluthenthal RN, Flynn NM, Anderson RL, Kral AH. HIV risks and seroprevalence among Mexican American injection drug users in California. Aids and Behavior. 15: 95-102. PMID 20020194 DOI: 10.1007/S10461-009-9614-2  0.415
2010 Enteen L, Bauer J, McLean R, Wheeler E, Huriaux E, Kral AH, Bamberger JD. Overdose prevention and naloxone prescription for opioid users in San Francisco. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 87: 931-41. PMID 20967505 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-010-9495-8  0.403
2010 Robbins JL, Wenger L, Lorvick J, Shiboski C, Kral AH. Health and oral health care needs and health care-seeking behavior among homeless injection drug users in San Francisco. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 87: 920-30. PMID 20945108 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-010-9498-5  0.328
2010 Kral AH, Malekinejad M, Vaudrey J, Martinez AN, Lorvick J, McFarland W, Raymond HF. Comparing respondent-driven sampling and targeted sampling methods of recruiting injection drug users in San Francisco. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 87: 839-50. PMID 20582573 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-010-9486-9  0.366
2010 Kral AH, Garfein RS. Evaluating a statewide pilot syringe access program for injection drug users through pharmacies in California. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 87: 531-3. PMID 20549567 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-010-9485-X  0.384
2010 Riley ED, Kral AH, Stopka TJ, Garfein RS, Reuckhaus P, Bluthenthal RN. Access to sterile syringes through San Francisco pharmacies and the association with HIV risk behavior among injection drug users. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 87: 534-42. PMID 20526690 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-010-9468-Y  0.476
2010 Bluthenthal R, Kral A. Commentary on Palmateer et al. (2010): next steps in the global research agenda on syringe access for injection drug users. Addiction (Abingdon, England). 105: 860-1. PMID 20402974 DOI: 10.1111/J.1360-0443.2010.02942.X  0.346
2010 Kral AH, Wenger L, Carpenter L, Wood E, Kerr T, Bourgois P. Acceptability of a safer injection facility among injection drug users in San Francisco. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 110: 160-3. PMID 20303679 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2010.02.009  0.441
2008 Tseng FC, Edlin BR, Zhang M, Kral A, Busch MP, Ortiz-Conde BA, Welzel TM, O'Brien TR. The inverse relationship between chronic HBV and HCV infections among injection drug users is associated with decades of age and drug use. Journal of Viral Hepatitis. 15: 690-8. PMID 18507757 DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-2893.2008.01005.X  0.307
2008 Bluthenthal RN, Heinzerling KG, Anderson R, Flynn NM, Kral AH. Approval of syringe exchange programs in California: results from a local approach to HIV prevention. American Journal of Public Health. 98: 278-83. PMID 17538068 DOI: 10.2105/Ajph.2005.080770  0.3
2007 Bacchetti P, Tien PC, Seaberg EC, O'Brien TR, Augenbraun MH, Kral AH, Busch MP, Edlin BR. Estimating past hepatitis C infection risk from reported risk factor histories: implications for imputing age of infection and modeling fibrosis progression. Bmc Infectious Diseases. 7: 145. PMID 18070362 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-7-145  0.302
2007 Wenger LD, Leadbetter J, Guzman L, Kral A. The making of a resource center for homeless people in San Francisco's Mission District: A community collaboration Health and Social Work. 32: 309-314. PMID 18038733 DOI: 10.1093/Hsw/32.4.309  0.321
2007 Tseng FC, O'Brien TR, Zhang M, Kral AH, Ortiz-Conde BA, Lorvick J, Busch MP, Edlin BR. Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus among San Francisco injection drug users, 1998 to 2000. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.). 46: 666-71. PMID 17657818 DOI: 10.1002/Hep.21765  0.38
2007 Bluthenthal RN, Do DP, Finch B, Martinez A, Edlin BR, Kral AH. Community characteristics associated with HIV risk among injection drug users in the San Francisco Bay Area: a multilevel analysis. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 84: 653-66. PMID 17657607 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-007-9213-3  0.406
2007 Heinzerling KG, Kral AH, Flynn NM, Anderson RL, Scott A, Gilbert ML, Asch SM, Bluthenthal RN. Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus testing services at syringe exchange programs: availability and outcomes. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 32: 423-9. PMID 17481466 DOI: 10.1016/J.Jsat.2006.11.002  0.324
2007 Bluthenthal RN, Ridgeway G, Schell T, Anderson R, Flynn NM, Kral AH. Examination of the association between syringe exchange program (SEP) dispensation policy and SEP client-level syringe coverage among injection drug users. Addiction (Abingdon, England). 102: 638-46. PMID 17286637 DOI: 10.1111/J.1360-0443.2006.01741.X  0.363
2007 Bluthenthal RN, Anderson R, Flynn NM, Kral AH. Higher syringe coverage is associated with lower odds of HIV risk and does not increase unsafe syringe disposal among syringe exchange program clients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 89: 214-22. PMID 17280802 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2006.12.035  0.37
2007 Martinez AN, Bluthenthal RN, Lorvick J, Anderson R, Flynn N, Kral AH. The impact of legalizing syringe exchange programs on arrests among injection drug users in California. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 84: 423-35. PMID 17265133 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-006-9139-1  0.505
2007 Sherman SG, Cheng Y, Kral AH. Prevalence and correlates of opiate overdose among young injection drug users in a large U.S. city. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 88: 182-7. PMID 17110058 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2006.10.006  0.33
2006 Lorvick J, Bluthenthal RN, Scott A, Gilbert ML, Riehman KS, Anderson RL, Flynn NM, Kral AH. Secondary syringe exchange among users of 23 California syringe exchange programs. Substance Use & Misuse. 41: 865-82. PMID 16809176 DOI: 10.1080/10826080600669041  0.451
2006 Lorvick J, Martinez A, Gee L, Kral AH. Sexual and injection risk among women who inject methamphetamine in San Francisco. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 83: 497-505. PMID 16739050 DOI: 10.1007/S11524-006-9039-4  0.391
2006 Heinzerling KG, Kral AH, Flynn NM, Anderson RL, Scott A, Gilbert ML, Asch SM, Bluthenthal RN. Unmet need for recommended preventive health services among clients of California syringe exchange programs: implications for quality improvement. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 81: 167-78. PMID 16043308 DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugalcdep.2005.06.008  0.35
2005 Bogart LM, Kral AH, Scott A, Anderson R, Flynn N, Gilbert ML, Bluthenthal RN. Condom attitudes and behaviors among injection drug users participating in California syringe exchange programs. Aids and Behavior. 9: 423-32. PMID 16249946 DOI: 10.1007/S10461-005-9014-1  0.468
2005 Seal KH, Thawley R, Gee L, Bamberger J, Kral AH, Ciccarone D, Downing M, Edlin BR. Naloxone distribution and cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for injection drug users to prevent heroin overdose death: a pilot intervention study. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 82: 303-11. PMID 15872192 DOI: 10.1093/Jurban/Jti053  0.411
2005 Kral AH, Lorvick J, Ciccarone D, Wenger L, Gee L, Martinez A, Edlin BR. HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among men who have sex with men and inject drugs in San Francisco. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 82: i43-50. PMID 15738321 DOI: 10.1093/Jurban/Jti023  0.409
2005 Bogart LM, Kral AH, Scott A, Anderson R, Flynn N, Gilbert ML, Bluthenthal RN. Sexual risk among injection drug users recruited from syringe exchange programs in California. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 32: 27-34. PMID 15614118 DOI: 10.1097/01.Olq.0000148294.83012.D0  0.434
2004 Kral AH, Page-Shafer K, Edlin BR, Kellogg T, Riley E, Gee L, Moss A, Busch M, Klausner JD, Dilley J, McFarland W. Persistent HIV incidence among injection drug users in San Francisco during the 1990s: results of five studies. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999). 37: 1667-9. PMID 15577428 DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200412150-00025  0.446
2004 Kral AH, Anderson R, Flynn NM, Bluthenthal RN. Injection risk behaviors among clients of syringe exchange programs with different syringe dispensation policies. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999). 37: 1307-12. PMID 15385739 DOI: 10.1097/01.Qai.0000127054.60503.9A  0.395
2004 Riehman KS, Kral AH, Anderson R, Flynn N, Bluthenthal RN. Sexual relationships, secondary syringe exchange, and gender differences in HIV risk among drug injectors. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 81: 249-59. PMID 15136658 DOI: 10.1093/Jurban/Jth111  0.412
2004 Tsui R, Herring BL, Barbour JD, Grant RM, Bacchetti P, Kral A, Edlin BR, Delwart EL. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Superinfection Was Not Detected following 215 Years of Injection Drug User Exposure Journal of Virology. 78: 94-103. PMID 14671091 DOI: 10.1128/Jvi.78.1.94-103.2004  0.38
2003 Seal KH, Kral AH, Lorvick J, McNees A, Gee L, Edlin BR. A randomized controlled trial of monetary incentives vs. outreach to enhance adherence to the hepatitis B vaccine series among injection drug users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 71: 127-31. PMID 12927650 DOI: 10.1016/S0376-8716(03)00074-7  0.356
2003 Seal KH, Downing M, Kral AH, Singleton-Banks S, Hammond JP, Lorvick J, Ciccarone D, Edlin BR. Attitudes about prescribing take-home naloxone to injection drug users for the management of heroin overdose: a survey of street-recruited injectors in the San Francisco Bay Area. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 80: 291-301. PMID 12791805 DOI: 10.1093/Jurban/Jtg032  0.405
2003 Davidson PJ, McLean RL, Kral AH, Gleghorn AA, Edlin BR, Moss AR. Fatal heroin-related overdose in San Francisco, 1997-2000: a case for targeted intervention. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 80: 261-73. PMID 12791802 DOI: 10.1093/Jurban/Jtg029  0.305
2003 Kral AH, Lorvick J, Gee L, Bacchetti P, Rawal B, Busch M, Edlin BR. Trends in human immunodeficiency virus seroincidence among street-recruited injection drug users in San Francisco, 1987-1998. American Journal of Epidemiology. 157: 915-22. PMID 12746244 DOI: 10.1093/Aje/Kwg070  0.389
2003 Atkinson J, Edlin BR, Engels EA, Kral AH, Seal K, Gamache CJ, Whitby D, O'Brien TR. Seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 among injection drug users in San Francisco. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 187: 974-81. PMID 12660944 DOI: 10.1086/368332  0.457
2003 Anderson R, Clancy L, Flynn N, Kral A, Bluthenthal R. Delivering syringe exchange services through "satellite exchangers": The Sacramento Area Needle Exchange, USA International Journal of Drug Policy. 14: 461-463. DOI: 10.1016/S0955-3959(03)00146-4  0.325
2003 Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN. What is it about needle and syringe programmes that make them effective for preventing HIV transmission? International Journal of Drug Policy. 14: 361-363. DOI: 10.1016/J.Drugpo.2003.07.002  0.383
2002 Mesquita F, Kral A, Reingold A, Haddad I, Sanches M, Turienzo G, Piconez D, Araujo P, Bueno R. Overdoses among cocaine users in Brazil. Addiction (Abingdon, England). 96: 1809-13. PMID 11784473 DOI: 10.1046/J.1360-0443.2001.9612180910.X  0.52
2001 Mesquita F, Kral A, Reingold A, Bueno R, Trigueiros D, Araujo PJ. Trends of HIV infection among injection drug users in Brazil in the 1990s: the impact of changes in patterns of drug use. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999). 28: 298-302. PMID 11694840 DOI: 10.1097/00042560-200111010-00016  0.608
2001 Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH, Gee L, Lorvick J, Moore L, Seal K, Edlin BR. Trends in HIV seroprevalence and risk among gay and bisexual men who inject drugs in San Francisco, 1988 to 2000 Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 28: 264-269. PMID 11694834 DOI: 10.1097/00042560-200111010-00010  0.441
2001 Seal KH, Kral AH, Gee L, Moore LD, Bluthenthal RN, Lorvick J, Edlin BR. Predictors and prevention of nonfatal overdose among street-recruited injection heroin users in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1998-1999 American Journal of Public Health. 91: 1842-1846. PMID 11684613 DOI: 10.2105/Ajph.91.11.1842  0.362
2001 Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN, Lorvick J, Gee L, Bacchetti P, Edlin BR. Sexual transmission of HIV-1 among injection drug users in San Francisco, USA: Risk-factor analysis Lancet. 357: 1397-1401. PMID 11356437 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04562-1  0.427
2001 Lorvick J, Kral AH, Seal K, Gee L, Edlin BR. Prevalence and duration of hepatitis C among injection drug users in San Francisco, Calif American Journal of Public Health. 91: 46-47. PMID 11189823 DOI: 10.2105/Ajph.91.1.46  0.407
2000 Kral AH, Lorvick J, Edlin BR. Sex- and drug-related risk among populations of younger and older injection drug users in adjacent neighborhoods in San Francisco Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 24: 162-167. PMID 10935692 DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200006010-00011  0.475
2000 Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH, Gee L, Erringer EA, Edlin BR. The effect of syringe exchange use on high-risk injection drug users: A cohort study Aids. 14: 605-611. PMID 10780722 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200003310-00015  0.459
2000 Binswanger IA, Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN, Rybold DJ, Edlin BR. High prevalence of abscesses and cellulitis among community-recruited injection drug users in San Francisco Clinical Infectious Diseases. 30: 579-581. PMID 10722447 DOI: 10.1086/313703  0.42
2000 Seal K, Kral A, Gee L, Bluthenthal R, Edlin B. Predictors of Non-Fatal Overdose Among Street-Recruited Injection Drug Users, in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1998-1999 Journal of General Internal Medicine. 15: 1-2. DOI: 10.1046/J.1525-1497.2000.15200-4X./  0.425
1999 Lorvick J, Thompson S, Edlin BR, Kral AH, Lifson AR, Watters JK. Incentives and accessibility: a pilot study to promote adherence to TB prophylaxis in a high-risk community. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 76: 461-7. PMID 10609595 DOI: 10.1007/Bf02351503  0.385
1999 Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN, Erringer EA, Lorvick J, Edlin BR. Risk factors among IDUs who give injections to or receive injections from other drug users Addiction. 94: 675-683. PMID 10563032 DOI: 10.1046/J.1360-0443.1999.9456755.X  0.416
1999 Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH, Erringer EA, Edlin BR. Drug paraphernalia laws and injection-related infectious disease risk among drug injectors Journal of Drug Issues. 29: 1-16. DOI: 10.1177/002204269902900101  0.48
1999 Bluthenthal RN, Lorvick J, Kral AH, Erringer EA, Kahn JG. Collateral damage in the war on drugs: HIV risk behaviors among injection drug users International Journal of Drug Policy. 10: 25-38. DOI: 10.1016/S0955-3959(98)00076-0  0.494
1998 Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH, Erringer EA, Edlin BR. Use of an illegal syringe exchange and injection-related risk behaviors among street-recruited injection drug users in Oakland, California, 1992 to 1995. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology : Official Publication of the International Retrovirology Association. 18: 505-11. PMID 9715848 DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199808150-00013  0.464
1998 Molnar BE, Shade SB, Kral AH, Booth RE, Watters JK. Suicidal behavior and sexual/physical abuse among street youth. Child Abuse & Neglect. 22: 213-22. PMID 9589175 DOI: 10.1016/S0145-2134(97)00137-3  0.576
1998 Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN, Booth RE, Watters JK. HIV seroprevalence among street-recruited injection drug and crack cocaine users in 16 US municipalities. American Journal of Public Health. 88: 108-13. PMID 9584014 DOI: 10.2105/Ajph.88.1.108  0.393
1997 Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH, Lorvick J, Watters JK. Impact of law enforcement on syringe exchange programs: a look at Oakland and San Francisco. Medical Anthropology. 18: 61-83. PMID 9458668 DOI: 10.1080/01459740.1997.9966150  0.406
1997 Kral AH, Lorvick J, Bluthenthal RN, Watters JK. HIV risk profile of drug-using women who have sex with women in 19 United States cities. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology : Official Publication of the International Retrovirology Association. 16: 211-7. PMID 9390574 DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199711010-00011  0.364
1997 Kral AH, Molnar BE, Booth RE, Watters JK. Prevalence of sexual risk behaviour and substance use among runaway and homeless adolescents in San Francisco, Denver and New York City. International Journal of Std & Aids. 8: 109-17. PMID 9061410 DOI: 10.1258/0956462971919651  0.399
1997 Watters JK, Cheng YT, Kral AH. Toward comprehensive studies of HIV in injection drug users: Issues in treatment-based and street-based samples Substance Use and Misuse. 32: 1709-1714. DOI: 10.3109/10826089709035569  0.441
1996 Watters JK, Kral AH. Cost-effectiveness of hepatitis B virus immunization. Jama. 275: 907-8. PMID 8598609 DOI: 10.1001/Jama.1996.03530360017019  0.397
1995 Watters JK, Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH. HIV seroprevalence in injection drug users. Jama. 273: 1178. PMID 7707623 DOI: 10.1001/Jama.1995.03520390036028  0.457
1995 Kral AH, Watters JK, Lifson AR, Carlson JR, Stanley M. Concordance of PCR and antibody results from HIV testing of injecting drug users. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology : Official Publication of the International Retrovirology Association. 10: 381-5. PMID 7552501 DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199511000-00011  0.337
1994 Watters JK, Estilo MJ, Kral AH, Lorvick JJ. HIV infection among female injection-drug users recruited in community settings. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 21: 321-8. PMID 7871445 DOI: 10.1097/00007435-199411000-00005  0.451
1991 Boekeloo BO, Marx ES, Kral AH, Coughlin SC, Bowman M, Rabin DL. Frequency and thoroughness of STD/HIV risk assessment by physicians in a high-risk metropolitan area American Journal of Public Health. 81: 1645-1648. PMID 1746664 DOI: 10.2105/Ajph.81.12.1645  0.342
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