Jay Pratt, Ph.D. - Publications

Affiliations: 
1996- Psychology University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 
Area:
Visual cognition, attention, eye movements, motor control
Website:
https://pratt.psych.utoronto.ca/

312 high-probability publications. We are testing a new system for linking publications to authors. You can help! If you notice any inaccuracies, please sign in and mark papers as correct or incorrect matches. If you identify any major omissions or other inaccuracies in the publication list, please let us know.

Year Citation  Score
2024 Knox K, Pratt J, Cant JS. Examining the role of action-driven attention in ensemble processing. Journal of Vision. 24: 5. PMID 38842835 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.6.5  0.395
2023 Williams RS, Ferber S, Pratt J. The specificity of feature-based attentional guidance is equivalent under single- and dual-target search. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 49: 1430-1446. PMID 37870822 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001157  0.352
2023 Lui L, Pratt J, Lawrence RK. The effect of prevalence on distractor speeded search termination. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. PMID 37580452 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02337-8  0.323
2023 Lawrence RK, Paas KHW, Cochrane BA, Pratt J. Delayed onsets are not necessary for generating distractor quitting thresholds effects in visual search. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 37415060 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-023-02734-0  0.329
2022 Lim YI, Pratt J. The interaction of internal and external attention. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 85: 52-63. PMID 36459275 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-022-02577-1  0.344
2022 Cochrane BA, Pratt J, Milliken B. Top-down then automatic: Instructions can continue to influence visual search when no longer actively implemented. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 36045313 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-022-02558-4  0.803
2022 Cochrane BA, Pratt J. The item-specific proportion congruency effect transfers to non-category members based on broad visual similarity. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. PMID 35469093 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-022-02104-1  0.772
2022 Taylor JET, Hilchey MD, Weidler BJ, Pratt J. Eliminating the Low-Prevalence Effect in Visual Search With a Remarkably Simple Strategy. Psychological Science. 9567976211048485. PMID 35385335 DOI: 10.1177/09567976211048485  0.827
2022 Clement A, Lim YI, Stothart C, Pratt J. Typicality modulates the visual awareness of objects. Consciousness and Cognition. 100: 103314. PMID 35305376 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2022.103314  0.778
2022 Weidler BJ, Pratt J, Bugg JM. How is location defined? Implications for learning and transfer of location-specific control. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 48: 312-330. PMID 35254852 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0000989  0.815
2022 Lawrence R, Schneider LR, Pratt J. EXPRESS: Can arrows change the subjective perception of space? Exploring symbolic attention repulsion. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 17470218221076135. PMID 35016559 DOI: 10.1177/17470218221076135  0.759
2021 Lawrence RK, Pratt J. Salience matters: Distractors may, or may not, speed target-absent searches. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 34907511 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-021-02406-x  0.75
2021 Cochrane BA, Pratt J. The item-specific proportion congruency effect can be contaminated by short-term repetition priming. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 34820767 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-021-02403-0  0.74
2021 Galarraga DB, Pratt J, Cochrane BA. Is the attentional SNARC effect truly attentional? Using temporal order judgements to differentiate attention from response. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 17470218211039479. PMID 34344248 DOI: 10.1177/17470218211039479  0.79
2021 Cochrane BA, Wang C, Pratt J, Milliken B, Sun HJ. Comparing imagery and perception: Using eye movements to dissociate mechanisms in search. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 34180031 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-021-02336-8  0.806
2021 Williams RS, Pratt J, Ferber S, Cant JS. Tuning the ensemble: Incidental skewing of the perceptual average through memory-driven selection. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. PMID 33719468 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0000907  0.317
2021 Lim YI, Clement A, Pratt J. Typicality modulates attentional capture by object categories. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 33506355 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-020-02233-6  0.821
2020 Cochrane BA, Pratt J. Context isn't everything: Search performance is influenced by the nature of the task but not the background. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 33230731 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-020-02204-x  0.78
2020 Clement A, Moffat A, Pratt J. Shifting attention does not influence numerical processing. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 32914341 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-020-02112-0  0.811
2020 Hilchey MD, Rajsic J, Pratt J. When do response-related episodic retrieval effects co-occur with inhibition of return? Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 32342342 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-020-02020-3  0.819
2020 Cochrane BA, Pratt J. Re-examining Maljkovic and Nakayama (1994): Conscious expectancy does affect the Priming of Pop-out effect. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 32333373 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-020-02034-x  0.789
2020 Williams RS, Pratt J, Ferber S. Directed avoidance and its effect on visual working memory. Cognition. 201: 104277. PMID 32276234 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104277  0.473
2020 Huffman G, Hilchey MD, Weidler BJ, Mills M, Pratt J. Does feature-based attention play a role in the episodic retrieval of event files? Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 46: 241-251. PMID 32077740 DOI: 10.1037/Xhp0000709  0.803
2020 Fischer MH, Dodd MD, Castel AD, Pratt J. The Unbearable Lightness of Attentional Cuing by Symbolic Magnitude: Commentary on the Registered Replication Report by Colling et al. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science. 3: 163-165. DOI: 10.1177/2515245920902743  0.536
2020 Lawrence RK, Kulzhabayeva D, Pratt J. Endogenous shifts of attention cause distortions in the perception of space: Reviewing and examining the attentional repulsion effect Visual Cognition. 28: 292-310. DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2020.1793438  0.446
2019 Rajsic J, Hilchey MD, Woodman GF, Pratt J. Visual working memory load does not eliminate visuomotor repetition effects. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 31414365 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-019-01839-9  0.813
2019 Hilchey MD, Pratt J, Lamy D. Is attention really biased toward the last target location in visual search? The role of focal attention and stimulus-response translation rules. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. PMID 31343242 DOI: 10.1037/Xhp0000679  0.515
2019 Pickel L, Pratt J, Weidler BJ. The transfer of location-based control requires location-based conflict. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 31309529 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-019-01785-6  0.81
2019 Hilchey MD, Pratt J. Hidden from view: Statistical learning exposes latent attentional capture. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. PMID 31152432 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-019-01618-5  0.461
2019 Constable MD, Rajsic J, Welsh TN, Pratt J. It is not in the details: Self-related shapes are rapidly classified but their features are not better remembered. Memory & Cognition. PMID 30927250 DOI: 10.3758/S13421-019-00924-6  0.789
2019 Petersson AM, Hilchey MD, Pratt J. Examining the Role of Attention and Sensory Stimulation in the Attentional Repulsion Effect. Frontiers in Psychology. 10: 238. PMID 30809173 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00238  0.496
2019 Hilchey MD, Antinucci V, Lamy D, Pratt J. Is attention really biased toward the last target location in visual search? Attention, response rules, distractors, and eye movements. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. PMID 30796630 DOI: 10.3758/S13423-019-01569-X  0.478
2019 Lagroix HE, Hilchey MD, Pratt J, Ferber S. Select, response, repeat: Electrophysiological measures of location and response repetition Journal of Vision. 19: 272b. DOI: 10.1167/19.10.272B  0.777
2019 Plater L, Valecha A, Gupta R, Pratt J, Al-Aidroos N. Smile and the world watches: Capture by happy gaze cues outside an attentional control set. Journal of Vision. 19: 217a. DOI: 10.1167/19.10.217A  0.701
2019 Williams RS, Pratt J, Ferber S, Cant JS. The Contents of Visual Working Memory Bias Ensemble Perception Journal of Vision. 19: 193d. DOI: 10.1167/19.10.193d  0.363
2019 Hilchey MD, Weidler BJ, Pratt J. Statistical learning can modulate contingent attentional capture Journal of Vision. 19: 139c. DOI: 10.1167/19.10.139c  0.785
2018 Constable MD, Pratt J, Welsh TN. "Two Minds Don't Blink Alike": The Attentional Blink Does Not Occur in a Joint Context. Frontiers in Psychology. 9: 1714. PMID 30258390 DOI: 10.3389/Fpsyg.2018.01714  0.807
2018 Hilchey MD, Leber AB, Pratt J. Testing the role of response repetition in spatial priming in visual search. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 29949117 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-018-1550-7  0.502
2018 Huffman G, Hilchey MD, Pratt J. Feature integration in basic detection and localization tasks: Insights from the attentional orienting literature. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 29717472 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-018-1535-6  0.677
2018 Huffman G, Gozli DG, Hommel B, Pratt J. Response preparation, response selection difficulty, and response-outcome learning. Psychological Research. PMID 29453621 DOI: 10.1007/S00426-018-0989-4  0.795
2018 Constable MD, Welsh T, Pratt J, Huffman G. Author accepted manuscript: I before U: Temporal order judgements reveal bias for self-owned objects. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 1747021818762010. PMID 29431023 DOI: 10.1177/1747021818762010  0.782
2018 Mills M, Boychuk P, Chasteen AL, Pratt J. Attention goes both ways: Shifting attention influences lexical decisions. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General. 147: 282-291. PMID 29369682 DOI: 10.1037/xge0000388  0.625
2018 Taylor JET, Hilchey MD, Pratt J. Out with the new, in with the old: Exogenous orienting to locations with physically constant stimulation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. PMID 29368269 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-017-1426-1  0.481
2018 Huffman G, Antinucci VM, Pratt J. The illusion of control: Sequential dependencies underlie contingent attentional capture. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. PMID 29330680 DOI: 10.3758/S13423-017-1422-5  0.701
2018 Hilchey MD, Rajsic J, Huffman G, Klein RM, Pratt J. Dissociating Orienting Biases From Integration Effects With Eye Movements. Psychological Science. 956797617734021. PMID 29298120 DOI: 10.1177/0956797617734021  0.834
2018 Weidler B, Abrams R, Pratt J. Is deciding to act or executing the action critical for the action effect? Journal of Vision. 18: 843. DOI: 10.1167/18.10.843  0.768
2018 Williams R, Newman R, Pratt J, Ferber S. The Attentional "White Bear" Evades Visual Working Memory Journal of Vision. 18: 470. DOI: 10.1167/18.10.470  0.397
2018 Huffman G, Hilchey M, Pratt J. Examining the limits of feature integration Journal of Vision. 18: 311. DOI: 10.1167/18.10.311  0.564
2018 Mills M, Hilchey M, Pratt J. Spatial working memory impedes search efficiency in interrupted but not continuous scene search Journal of Vision. 18: 241. DOI: 10.1167/18.10.241  0.513
2018 Hilchey M, Mills M, Pratt J. Dissociating spatial orienting biases from selection demands with eye movements Journal of Vision. 18: 1198. DOI: 10.1167/18.10.1198  0.509
2018 Hilchey MD, Weidler BJ, Rajsic J, Pratt J. Does changing distractor environments eliminate spatiomotor biases? Visual Cognition. 27: 351-366. DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2018.1532939  0.801
2018 Gozli DG, Lockwood P, Chasteen AL, Pratt J. Spatial metaphors in thinking about other people Visual Cognition. 26: 313-333. DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2018.1445153  0.71
2017 Rajsic J, Pratt J. More than a memory: Confirmatory visual search is not caused by remembering a visual feature. Acta Psychologica. 180: 169-174. PMID 28957733 DOI: 10.1016/J.Actpsy.2017.09.010  0.833
2017 Huffman G, Rajsic J, Pratt J. Ironic capture: top-down expectations exacerbate distraction in visual search. Psychological Research. PMID 28916853 DOI: 10.1007/S00426-017-0917-Z  0.817
2017 Huffman G, Pratt J. The action effect: Support for the biased competition hypothesis. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 28593584 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-017-1343-4  0.687
2017 Rajsic J, Ouslis NE, Wilson DE, Pratt J. Looking sharp: Becoming a search template boosts precision and stability in visual working memory. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 28537011 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-017-1342-5  0.8
2017 Amer T, Gozli DG, Pratt J. Biasing spatial attention with semantic information: an event coding approach. Psychological Research. PMID 28432446 DOI: 10.1007/S00426-017-0867-5  0.744
2017 Rajsic J, Swan G, Wilson DE, Pratt J. Accessibility Limits Recall From Visual Working Memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition. PMID 28252987 DOI: 10.1037/Xlm0000387  0.815
2017 Taylor JE, Witt JK, Pratt J. A different kind of weapon focus: simulated training with ballistic weapons reduces change blindness. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications. 2: 3. PMID 28203631 DOI: 10.1186/s41235-016-0037-0  0.611
2017 Hilchey MD, Rajsic J, Huffman G, Pratt J. Intervening response events between identification targets do not always turn repetition benefits into repetition costs. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 28063136 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-016-1262-9  0.82
2017 Rajsic J, Wilson DE, Pratt J. The Price of Information: Increased Inspection Costs Reduce the Confirmation Bias in Visual Search. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 1-50. PMID 28056636 DOI: 10.1080/17470218.2016.1278249  0.803
2017 Rajsic J, Pratt J. More than a memory: Confirmatory visual search does not occur when target colors are merely remembered Journal of Vision. 17: 925. DOI: 10.1167/17.10.925  0.819
2017 Huffman G, Pratt J. Learning affordances through action: Evidence from visual search Journal of Vision. 17: 236. DOI: 10.1167/17.10.236  0.633
2017 Rajsic J, Liu H, Pratt J. Eye movements can cause item-specific visual recognition advantages Visual Cognition. 25: 903-912. DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2017.1352639  0.816
2017 Hilchey MD, Rajsic J, Huffman G, Pratt J. Response-mediated spatial priming despite perfectly valid target location cues and intervening response events Visual Cognition. 25: 888-902. DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2017.1349230  0.823
2016 Donovan I, Pratt J, Shomstein S. Spatial attention is necessary for object-based attention: Evidence from temporal-order judgments. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 28028777 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-016-1265-6  0.472
2016 Rajsic J, Taylor JE, Pratt J. Out of sight, out of mind: Matching bias underlies confirmatory visual search. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 28000157 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-016-1259-4  0.839
2016 Rajsic J, Perera H, Pratt J. Learned value and object perception: Accelerated perception or biased decisions? Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 27896709 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-016-1242-0  0.813
2016 Hilchey MD, Taylor JE, Pratt J. Much ado about nothing: Capturing attention toward locations without new perceptual events. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 42: 1923-1927. PMID 27854455 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0000326  0.492
2016 Constable MD, de Grosbois J, Lung T, Tremblay L, Pratt J, Welsh TN. Eye movements may cause motor contagion effects. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. PMID 27785681 DOI: 10.3758/S13423-016-1177-4  0.773
2016 Huffman G, Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J. Salience drives non-spatial feature repetition effects in cueing tasks. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 27743261 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-016-1215-3  0.789
2016 Hilchey MD, Pratt J, Christie J. Placeholders dissociate two forms of inhibition of return. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 1-32. PMID 27737621 DOI: 10.1080/17470218.2016.1247898  0.425
2016 Chan D, Rajsic J, Pratt J. Go-Getters and Procrastinators: Investigating Individual Differences in Visual Cognition across University Semesters. Vision Research. PMID 27664352 DOI: 10.1016/J.Visres.2016.09.007  0.814
2016 Constable MD, Bayliss AP, Tipper SP, Spaniol AP, Pratt J, Welsh TN. Ownership Status Influences the Degree of Joint Facilitatory Behavior. Psychological Science. PMID 27587541 DOI: 10.1177/0956797616661544  0.789
2016 Gozli DG, Huffman G, Pratt J. Acting and Anticipating: Impact of Outcome-Compatible Distractor Depends on Response Selection Efficiency. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. PMID 27280711 DOI: 10.1037/Xhp0000238  0.772
2016 Krause F, Bekkering H, Pratt J, Lindemann O. Interaction between numbers and size during visual search. Psychological Research. PMID 27142070 DOI: 10.1007/S00426-016-0771-4  0.615
2016 Rajsic J, Sun SZ, Huxtable L, Pratt J, Ferber S. Pop-out and pop-in: Visual working memory advantages for unique items. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. PMID 27025501 DOI: 10.3758/S13423-016-1034-5  0.834
2016 Gozli DG, Pratt J, Martin KZ, Chasteen AL. Implied Spatial Meaning and Visuospatial Bias: Conceptual Processing Influences Processing of Visual Targets and Distractors. Plos One. 11: e0150928. PMID 26953570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150928  0.772
2016 Taylor JE, Rajsic J, Pratt J. Object-based selection is contingent on attentional control settings. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 26902247 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-016-1074-Y  0.827
2016 Rajsic J, Sun S, Huxtable L, Ferber S, Pratt J. Hungry, hungry singletons: Unique items eat up visual working memory resources Journal of Vision. 16: 361. DOI: 10.1167/16.12.361  0.797
2016 Constable M, Lung T, de Grosbois J, Tremblay L, Pratt J, Welsh T. Is the motor contagion effect an artifact of eye movements? Journal of Vision. 16: 275. DOI: 10.1167/16.12.275  0.758
2016 Taylor E, Patel M, Pratt J. Hand proximity biases overt – not covert – orienting Journal of Vision. 16: 1276. DOI: 10.1167/16.12.1276  0.301
2016 Huffman G, Pratt J. Explaining the action effect Journal of Vision. 16: 1021. DOI: 10.1167/16.12.1021  0.573
2015 Taylor JE, Gozli DG, Chan D, Huffman G, Pratt J. A touchy subject: advancing the modulated visual pathways account of altered vision near the hand. Translational Neuroscience. 6: 1-7. PMID 28123785 DOI: 10.1515/Tnsci-2015-0001  0.822
2015 Hsu P, Taylor JE, Pratt J. Frogs Jump Forward: Semantic Knowledge Influences the Perception of Element Motion in the Ternus Display. Perception. 44: 779-89. PMID 26541055 DOI: 10.1177/0301006615596903  0.303
2015 Wilson KE, Lowe MX, Ruppel J, Pratt J, Ferber S. The scope of no return: Openness predicts the spatial distribution of Inhibition of Return. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 26486642 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-015-0991-5  0.418
2015 Taylor JE, Lam TK, Chasteen AL, Pratt J. Bow Your Head in Shame, or, Hold Your Head Up with Pride: Semantic Processing of Self-Esteem Concepts Orients Attention Vertically. Plos One. 10: e0137704. PMID 26368276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137704  0.417
2015 Rajsic J, Wilson D, Pratt J. Investigating Confirmation Bias in Overt Visual Selection. Journal of Vision. 15: 1356. PMID 26327044 DOI: 10.1167/15.12.1356  0.837
2015 Chan D, Rajsic J, Pratt J. Keeners and Procrastinators: Investigating Individual differences in visual cognition between voluntary signup across school semesters. Journal of Vision. 15: 1333. PMID 26327021 DOI: 10.1167/15.12.1333  0.81
2015 Taylor E, Chan D, Bennett P, Pratt J. Attentional cartography: Mapping the distribution of attention across time and space. Journal of Vision. 15: 1070. PMID 26326758 DOI: 10.1167/15.12.1070  0.341
2015 Liu H, Rajsic J, Pratt J. Overt Retrospective Cues Elicit Location Specific Enhancement of Visual Working Memory. Journal of Vision. 15: 1056. PMID 26326744 DOI: 10.1167/15.12.1056  0.835
2015 Gozli D, Aslam H, Pratt J. My Color Singleton: Visual Attention to Learned Action-Effects. Journal of Vision. 15: 923. PMID 26326611 DOI: 10.1167/15.12.923  0.727
2015 Huffman G, Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J. The interaction between spatial cueing and cue-target feature similarity. Journal of Vision. 15: 895. PMID 26326583 DOI: 10.1167/15.12.895  0.799
2015 Gozli DG, Aslam H, Pratt J. Visuospatial cueing by self-caused features: Orienting of attention and action-outcome associative learning. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. PMID 26228183 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-015-0906-4  0.755
2015 Rajsic J, Wilson DE, Pratt J. Confirmation Bias in Visual Search. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. PMID 26098120 DOI: 10.1167/14.10.927  0.828
2015 Taylor JE, Chan D, Bennett PJ, Pratt J. Attentional cartography: mapping the distribution of attention across time and space. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. PMID 26069197 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-015-0943-0  0.601
2015 Huffman G, Pratt J. The effect of SNARC compatibility on perceptual accuracy: evidence from object substitution masking. Psychological Research. PMID 26067890 DOI: 10.1007/S00426-015-0679-4  0.651
2015 Huffman G, Gozli DG, Welsh TN, Pratt J. Hand position influences perceptual grouping. Experimental Brain Research. PMID 26026809 DOI: 10.1167/14.10.409  0.837
2015 Taylor JE, Pratt J, Witt JK. Joint attention for stimuli on the hands: ownership matters. Frontiers in Psychology. 6: 543. PMID 25983713 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00543  0.688
2015 Goodhew SC, Edwards M, Ferber S, Pratt J. Altered visual perception near the hands: A critical review of attentional and neurophysiological models. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 55: 223-33. PMID 25979141 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.05.006  0.819
2015 Born S, Kerzel D, Pratt J. Contingent capture effects in temporal order judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 41: 995-1006. PMID 25938252 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0000058  0.472
2015 Gozli DG, Aslam H, Pratt J. Visuospatial cueing by self-caused features: Orienting of attention and action–outcome associative learning Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. DOI: 10.3758/s13423-015-0906-4  0.671
2015 Taylor JET, Gozli DG, Chan D, Hufman G, Pratt J. A touchy subject: Advancing the Modulated visual Pathways account of altered vision near the hand Translational Neuroscience. 6: 1-7. DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2015-0001  0.676
2015 Constable MD, Pratt J, Gozli DG, Welsh TN. Do you see what I see? Co-actor posture modulates visual processing in joint tasks Visual Cognition. 23: 699-719. DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2015.1078426  0.835
2014 Gozli DG, Bavelier D, Pratt J. The effect of action video game playing on sensorimotor learning: Evidence from a movement tracking task. Human Movement Science. 38: 152-162. PMID 25318081 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2014.09.004  0.694
2014 Gozli DG, Moskowitz JB, Pratt J. Visual attention to features by associative learning. Cognition. 133: 488-501. PMID 25173722 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2014.07.014  0.747
2014 Chow A, Gozli DG, Pratt J. Examining the locus of the attentional attraction effect. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 76: 2389-97. PMID 25007759 DOI: 10.7490/F1000Research.1093278.1  0.758
2014 Goodhew SC, Kendall W, Ferber S, Pratt J. Setting semantics: conceptual set can determine the physical properties that capture attention. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 76: 1577-89. PMID 24824982 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-014-0686-3  0.824
2014 Gozli DG, Ardron J, Pratt J. Reduced visual feature binding in the near-hand space. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 76: 1308-17. PMID 24719238 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-014-0673-8  0.714
2014 Goodhew SC, Fogel N, Pratt J. The nature of altered vision near the hands: evidence for the magnocellular enhancement account from object correspondence through occlusion. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 21: 1452-8. PMID 24664882 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-014-0622-5  0.831
2014 Gozli D, Pratt J. Learned action effects modulate salience in space: Evidence for the preactivation theory Journal of Vision. 14: 834-834. DOI: 10.1167/14.10.834  0.652
2014 Taylor E, Gozli D, Pratt J. Object substitution masking of symbolic stimuli and the allocation of spatial attention. Journal of Vision. 14: 617-617. DOI: 10.1167/14.10.617  0.729
2014 Chan D, Gozli D, Pratt J. Holding on to the local: Hand posture biases local processing Journal of Vision. 14: 1040-1040. DOI: 10.1167/14.10.1040  0.654
2014 Chasteen A, Gozli D, Martin K, Pratt J. How implicit spatial cues affect attentional orienting: Timing is everything Journal of Vision. 14: 1036-1036. DOI: 10.1167/14.10.1036  0.724
2013 Cheng KC, Pratt J, Maki BE. Do aging and dual-tasking impair the capacity to store and retrieve visuospatial information needed to guide perturbation-evoked reach-to-grasp reactions? Plos One. 8: e79401. PMID 24223942 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pone.0079401  0.36
2013 Festman Y, Adam JJ, Pratt J, Fischer MH. Both hand position and movement direction modulate visual attention. Frontiers in Psychology. 4: 657. PMID 24098288 DOI: 10.3389/Fpsyg.2013.00657  0.464
2013 West GL, Pratt J, Peterson MA. Attention is biased to near surfaces. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 20: 1213-20. PMID 23896744 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-013-0455-7  0.73
2013 Chan D, Peterson MA, Barense MD, Pratt J. How action influences object perception. Frontiers in Psychology. 4: 462. PMID 23885247 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00462  0.558
2013 Reid C, Wong L, Pratt J, Morgan C, Welsh TN. IOR effects in a social free-choice task. Journal of Motor Behavior. 45: 307-11. PMID 23742021 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2013.794767  0.632
2013 Cheng KC, Pratt J, Maki BE. Effects of spatial-memory decay and dual-task interference on perturbation-evoked reach-to-grasp reactions in the absence of online visual feedback. Human Movement Science. 32: 328-42. PMID 23635599 DOI: 10.1016/J.Humov.2012.11.001  0.404
2013 Goodhew SC, Gozli DG, Ferber S, Pratt J. Reduced temporal fusion in near-hand space. Psychological Science. 24: 891-900. PMID 23599307 DOI: 10.1167/13.9.1198  0.838
2013 Goodhew SC, Pratt J, Dux PE, Ferber S. Substituting objects from consciousness: a review of object substitution masking. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 20: 859-77. PMID 23417271 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-013-0400-9  0.816
2013 Festman Y, Adam JJ, Pratt J, Fischer MH. Continuous hand movement induces a far-hand bias in attentional priority. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 75: 644-9. PMID 23404523 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-013-0430-4  0.459
2013 Welsh TN, Kiernan D, Neyedli HF, Ray M, Pratt J, Potruff A, Weeks DJ. Joint Simon effects in extrapersonal space. Journal of Motor Behavior. 45: 1-5. PMID 23387518 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2012.746635  0.614
2013 West GL, Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J. Action video game experience affects oculomotor performance. Acta Psychologica. 142: 38-42. PMID 23220058 DOI: 10.1016/J.Actpsy.2011.08.005  0.791
2013 Gozli DG, Goodhew SC, Moskowitz JB, Pratt J. Ideomotor perception modulates visuospatial cueing. Psychological Research. 77: 528-39. PMID 23129250 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-012-0461-9  0.83
2013 Gozli DG, Chasteen AL, Pratt J. The cost and benefit of implicit spatial cues for visual attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General. 142: 1028-46. PMID 23106305 DOI: 10.1037/a0030362  0.747
2013 Chasteen A, Lockwood P, White N, Pratt J, Gozli D. Internally Generated Simulations of Success and Failure Orient Visual Attention Journal of Vision. 13: 92-92. DOI: 10.1167/13.9.92  0.715
2013 Gozli D, Chow A, Chasteen AL, Pratt J. Spatial Bias induced by Semantic Valence: Evidence From Eye Movement Trajectories Journal of Vision. 13: 512-512. DOI: 10.1167/13.9.512  0.677
2013 Wilson KE, Ruppel J, Lowe M, Shaw M, Kosnik R, Pratt J, Ferber S. Individual differences in the scope of spatial attention Journal of Vision. 13: 1131-1131. DOI: 10.1167/13.9.1131  0.37
2013 Chan D, Peterson M, Barense M, Pratt J. Action Influences Object Perception Journal of Vision. 13: 1007-1007. DOI: 10.1167/13.9.1007  0.318
2013 Gozli DG, Chow A, Chasteen AL, Pratt J. Valence and vertical space: Saccade trajectory deviations reveal metaphorical spatial activation Visual Cognition. 21: 628-646. DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2013.815680  0.721
2013 Welsh TN, Kiernan D, Neyedli HF, Ray M, Pratt J, Weeks DJ. On mechanisms, methods, and measures: A response to guagnano, rusconi, and Umiltà Journal of Motor Behavior. 45: 9-14. DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2012.746560  0.521
2012 Qian C, Al-Aidroos N, West G, Abrams RA, Pratt J. The visual P2 is attenuated for attended objects near the hands. Cognitive Neuroscience. 3: 98-104. PMID 24168690 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2012.658363  0.84
2012 Adam JJ, Bovend'Eerdt TJ, van Dooren FE, Fischer MH, Pratt J. The closer the better: Hand proximity dynamically affects letter recognition accuracy. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 74: 1533-8. PMID 22777734 DOI: 10.3758/S13414-012-0339-3  0.439
2012 DiGiacomo A, Pratt J. Misperceiving space following shifts of attention: determining the locus of the attentional repulsion effect. Vision Research. 64: 35-41. PMID 22677882 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2012.05.009  0.497
2012 Gozli DG, West GL, Pratt J. Hand position alters vision by biasing processing through different visual pathways. Cognition. 124: 244-50. PMID 22633129 DOI: 10.1167/12.9.827  0.825
2012 Feng J, Pratt J, Spence I. Attention and visuospatial working memory share the same processing resources. Frontiers in Psychology. 3: 103. PMID 22529826 DOI: 10.3389/Fpsyg.2012.00103  0.612
2012 Colzato LS, Pratt J, Hommel B. Estrogen modulates inhibition of return in healthy human females. Neuropsychologia. 50: 98-103. PMID 22093437 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.11.003  0.483
2012 Wnuczko M, Pratt J, Hasher L, Walker R. When age is irrelevant: distractor inhibition and target activation in priming of pop-out. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. 67: 325-30. PMID 22082524 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbr114  0.448
2012 Al-Aidroos N, Emrich SM, Ferber S, Pratt J. Visual working memory supports the inhibition of previously processed information: evidence from preview search. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 38: 643-63. PMID 21988363 DOI: 10.1037/A0025707  0.719
2012 Qian S, Goodhew S, Chan D, Pratt J. Mask-target color congruency enhances object substitution masking in the presence of an attentional control set F1000research. 12: 677-677. DOI: 10.7490/F1000Research.1090593.1  0.408
2012 Kiernan DS, Neyedli HF, Ray M, Potruff A, Pratt J, Weeks DJ, Welsh TN. "You were always on my mind": Action co-representation in Joint Simon tasks. Journal of Vision. 12: 821-821. DOI: 10.1167/12.9.821  0.591
2012 Chasteen A, Gozli D, White N, Lockwood P, Pratt J. Visuospatial bias due to stimulus valence requires conceptual processing Journal of Vision. 12: 676-676. DOI: 10.1167/12.9.676  0.689
2012 Reid C, Pratt J, Welsh TN. Go Your Own Way: IOR Effects in a Social Free-Choice Task. Journal of Vision. 12: 559-559. DOI: 10.1167/12.9.559  0.565
2012 Gozli D, Wilson K, Pratt J, Ferber S. Load-induced transient perceptual neglect is insensitive to reference frame manipulations Journal of Vision. 12: 344-344. DOI: 10.1167/12.9.344  0.66
2012 Goodhew S, Ferber S, Qian S, Chan D, Pratt J. Revealing the face behind the mask: Emergent unconscious perception in object substitution masking Journal of Vision. 12: 117-117. DOI: 10.1167/12.9.117  0.306
2012 Chan D, Peterson M, Qian S, Pratt J. The "Gist" of Visual Processing Journal of Vision. 12: 1058-1058. DOI: 10.1167/12.9.1058  0.374
2012 Gozli DG, Pratt J. Attentional repulsion effect despite a colour-based control set Visual Cognition. 20: 696-716. DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2012.683051  0.749
2011 Gozli DG, Pratt J. Seeing while acting: hand movements can modulate attentional capture by motion onset. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 73: 2448-56. PMID 21870205 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-011-0203-x  0.715
2011 Radulescu PV, Al-Aidroos N, Adam JJ, Fischer MH, Pratt J. Modulating Fitts's Law: perceiving targets at the last placeholder. Acta Psychologica. 137: 101-5. PMID 21474110 DOI: 10.1016/J.Actpsy.2011.03.005  0.718
2011 West GL, Anderson AA, Ferber S, Pratt J. Electrophysiological evidence for biased competition in V1 for fear expressions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 23: 3410-8. PMID 21281089 DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2011.21605  0.71
2011 West GL, Al-Aidroos N, Susskind J, Pratt J. Emotion and action: the effect of fear on saccadic performance. Experimental Brain Research. 209: 153-8. PMID 21161192 DOI: 10.1007/S00221-010-2508-8  0.787
2011 King EC, Lee TA, McKay SM, Scovil CY, Peters AL, Pratt J, Maki BE. Does the "eyes lead the hand" principle apply to reach-to-grasp movements evoked by unexpected balance perturbations? Human Movement Science. 30: 368-83. PMID 21035219 DOI: 10.1016/J.Humov.2010.07.005  0.369
2011 Donovan I, Pratt J, Shomstein S. Object-based attention and prioritization revealed by the temporal order judgment method F1000research. 11: 150-150. DOI: 10.7490/F1000Research.1567.1  0.438
2011 Gozli D, Chasteen AL, Pratt J. Conceptual Cues for Visual Attention F1000research. 11: 253-253. DOI: 10.7490/F1000Research.1250.1  0.749
2011 Radulescu P, Adam J, Fisher M, Gozli D, West G, Pratt J. Perception and the Fitts's Law Violation: Why is the last one the fastest one? Journal of Vision. 11: 968-968. DOI: 10.1167/11.11.968  0.758
2011 West G, Qian S, Al-Aidroos N, Abrams R, Pratt J. The visual P2 is attenuated for objects near the hands Journal of Vision. 11: 934-934. DOI: 10.1167/11.11.934  0.804
2011 DiGiacomo A, Ghara Gozli D, West G, Pratt J. The attentional repulsion effect distorts space but not objects Journal of Vision. 11: 231-231. DOI: 10.1167/11.11.231  0.731
2010 Pratt J, Radulescu PV, Guo RM, Abrams RA. It's alive! animate motion captures visual attention. Psychological Science. 21: 1724-30. PMID 20974713 DOI: 10.1177/0956797610387440  0.668
2010 Adamo M, Wozny S, Pratt J, Ferber S. Parallel, independent attentional control settings for colors and shapes. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 72: 1730-5. PMID 20952772 DOI: 10.3758/App.72.7.1730  0.433
2010 Pratt J, Radulescu P, Guo RM, Hommel B. Visuospatial attention is guided by both the symbolic value and the spatial proximity of selected arrows. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 36: 1321-4. PMID 20873941 DOI: 10.1037/a0019996  0.602
2010 Colzato LS, Pratt J, Hommel B. Dopaminergic Control of Attentional Flexibility: Inhibition of Return is Associated with the Dopamine Transporter Gene (DAT1). Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 4: 53. PMID 20661460 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2010.00053  0.516
2010 Emrich SM, Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J, Ferber S. Finding memory in search: the effect of visual working memory load on visual search. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 63: 1457-66. PMID 20603775 DOI: 10.1080/17470218.2010.483768  0.705
2010 Guo RM, Abrams RA, Moscovitch M, Pratt J. Isoluminant motion onset captures attention. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 72: 1311-6. PMID 20601712 DOI: 10.3758/App.72.5.1311  0.654
2010 West GL, Anderson AK, Bedwell JS, Pratt J. Red diffuse light suppresses the accelerated perception of fear. Psychological Science. 21: 992-9. PMID 20489219 DOI: 10.1177/0956797610371966  0.653
2010 West GL, Pun C, Pratt J, Ferber S. Capacity limits during perceptual encoding. Journal of Vision. 10: 14.1-12. PMID 20462315 DOI: 10.1167/10.2.14  0.736
2010 Adam JJ, Müskens R, Hoonhorst S, Pratt J, Fischer MH. Left hand, but not right hand, reaching is sensitive to visual context. Experimental Brain Research. 203: 227-32. PMID 20300930 DOI: 10.1007/S00221-010-2214-6  0.385
2010 Laidlaw KE, Pratt J. Reflexive orienting to gaze is not luminance dependent. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 72: 28-32. PMID 20045878 DOI: 10.3758/App.72.1.28  0.825
2010 Radulescu PV, Adam JJ, Fischer MH, Pratt J. Fitts's Law violation and motor imagery: are imagined movements truthful or lawful? Experimental Brain Research. 201: 607-11. PMID 19904529 DOI: 10.1007/S00221-009-2072-2  0.313
2010 Campbell KL, Al-Aidroos N, Fatt R, Pratt J, Hasher L. The effects of multisensory targets on saccadic trajectory deviations: eliminating age differences. Experimental Brain Research. 201: 385-92. PMID 19851761 DOI: 10.1007/S00221-009-2045-5  0.692
2010 Chasteen AL, Burdzy DC, Pratt J. Thinking of God moves attention. Neuropsychologia. 48: 627-30. PMID 19804790 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.09.029  0.477
2010 Al-Aidroos N, Harrison S, Pratt J. Attentional control settings prevent abrupt onsets from capturing visual spatial attention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 63: 31-41. PMID 19728228 DOI: 10.1080/17470210903150738  0.765
2010 West GL, Anderson AA, Ferber S, Pun C, Pratt J. Electrophysiological evidence for biased competition in V1 favoring motivationally significant stimuli Journal of Vision. 9: 464-464. DOI: 10.1167/9.8.464  0.662
2010 Pratt J, West G, Welsh T, Anderson A. Emotion affects oculomotor action Journal of Vision. 9: 369-369. DOI: 10.1167/9.8.369  0.708
2010 Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J. Does attentional capture guide the contents of visual short-term memory? Journal of Vision. 9: 174-174. DOI: 10.1167/9.8.174  0.704
2010 Pratt J, Al-Aidroos N, Campbell K, Hasher L. Older adults just can't look away: Age-related changes in saccadic trajectory curvature Journal of Vision. 8: 932-932. DOI: 10.1167/8.6.932  0.626
2010 Emrich S, Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J, Ferber S. The search for memory: Visual short-term memory capacity predicts performance during visual search tasks Journal of Vision. 8: 865-865. DOI: 10.1167/8.6.865  0.701
2010 West G, Stevens S, Pun C, Pratt J. Video game playing enhances practical attentional skills Journal of Vision. 8: 471-471. DOI: 10.1167/8.6.471  0.665
2010 Al-Aidroos N, Ho K, Pratt J. Attentional control settings affect attention but not perception: A study of gaze cues and pupilometry Journal of Vision. 8: 137-137. DOI: 10.1167/8.6.137  0.718
2010 Al-Aidroos N, Emrich SM, Pratt J, Ferber S. Prioritization of new objects during visual search is limited by the capacity of visual short-term memory Journal of Vision. 7: 661-661. DOI: 10.1167/7.9.661  0.704
2010 Wilson D, Pratt J. Motor selection bias in a no-target, response choice version of the attentional cueing paradigm Journal of Vision. 7: 653-653. DOI: 10.1167/7.9.653  0.675
2010 Stojanoski B, Al-aidroos N, Pratt J, Niemeier M. On the relationship between object-based and feature-based attention Journal of Vision. 7: 1077-1077. DOI: 10.1167/7.9.1077  0.679
2010 West G, Anderson A, Pratt J. Attenuation of the dorsal-action pathway suppresses fear prioritization: An evolutionary link between emotion and action Journal of Vision. 10: 702-702. DOI: 10.1167/10.7.702  0.619
2010 Al-Aidroos N, Adamo M, Tam J, Ferber S, Pratt J. How Does Reflexive Visuospatial Attention Speed Target Processing? Journal of Vision. 10: 224-224. DOI: 10.1167/10.7.224  0.703
2010 Pratt J, Radulescu P, Guo R, Al-Aidroos N, Abrams R. Biological Motion Captures Attention Journal of Vision. 10: 120-120. DOI: 10.1167/10.7.120  0.755
2010 Al-Aidroos N, Guo RM, Pratt J. You can't stop new motion: Attentional capture despite a control set for colour Visual Cognition. 18: 859-880. DOI: 10.1080/13506280903343085  0.729
2010 Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J. Top-down control in time and space: Evidence from saccadic latencies and trajectories Visual Cognition. 18: 26-49. DOI: 10.1080/13506280802456939  0.715
2009 Emrich SM, Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J, Ferber S. Visual search elicits the electrophysiological marker of visual working memory. Plos One. 4: e8042. PMID 19956663 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pone.0008042  0.719
2009 West GL, Anderson AA, Pratt J. Motivationally significant stimuli show visual prior entry: evidence for attentional capture. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 35: 1032-42. PMID 19653747 DOI: 10.1037/a0014493  0.754
2009 Young SJ, Pratt J, Chau T. Target-directed movements at a comfortable pace: movement duration and Fitts's law. Journal of Motor Behavior. 41: 339-46. PMID 19508960 DOI: 10.3200/Jmbr.41.4.339-346  0.303
2009 Dixon ML, Ruppel J, Pratt J, De Rosa E. Learning to ignore: acquisition of sustained attentional suppression. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 16: 418-23. PMID 19293116 DOI: 10.3758/Pbr.16.2.418  0.453
2009 Campbell KL, Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J, Hasher L. Repelling the young and attracting the old: examining age-related differences in saccade trajectory deviations. Psychology and Aging. 24: 163-8. PMID 19290747 DOI: 10.1037/A0014106  0.683
2009 Donk M, Agter F, Pratt J. Effects of luminance change in preview search: offsets and onsets can be concurrently prioritized but not in isolation. Acta Psychologica. 130: 260-7. PMID 19261261 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2009.01.006  0.338
2009 Bradi AC, Adam JJ, Fischer MH, Pratt J. Modulating Fitts's Law: the effect of disappearing allocentric information. Experimental Brain Research. 194: 571-6. PMID 19241067 DOI: 10.1007/S00221-009-1733-5  0.324
2009 West GL, Welsh TN, Pratt J. Saccadic trajectories receive online correction: evidence for a feedback-based system of oculomotor control. Journal of Motor Behavior. 41: 117-27. PMID 19201682 DOI: 10.3200/JMBR.41.2.117-127  0.746
2009 Young SJ, Pratt J, Chau T. Misperceiving the speed-accuracy tradeoff: imagined movements and perceptual decisions. Experimental Brain Research. 192: 121-32. PMID 18807021 DOI: 10.1007/S00221-008-1563-X  0.312
2008 West GL, Stevens SA, Pun C, Pratt J. Visuospatial experience modulates attentional capture: evidence from action video game players. Journal of Vision. 8: 13.1-9. PMID 19146279 DOI: 10.1167/8.16.13  0.729
2008 Emrich SM, Ruppel JD, Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J, Ferber S. Out with the old: inhibition of old items in a preview search is limited. Perception & Psychophysics. 70: 1552-7. PMID 19064497 DOI: 10.3758/Pp.70.8.1552  0.708
2008 Adam JJ, Taminiau B, van Veen N, Ament B, Rijcken JM, Meijer K, Pratt J. Planning keypress and reaching responses: effects of response location and number of potential effectors. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 34: 1464-78. PMID 19045986 DOI: 10.1037/A0011975  0.368
2008 Stevens SA, West GL, Al-Aidroos N, Weger UW, Pratt J. Testing whether gaze cues and arrow cues produce reflexive or volitional shifts of attention. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 15: 1148-53. PMID 19001582 DOI: 10.3758/Pbr.15.6.1148  0.827
2008 Welsh TN, Pratt J. Actions modulate attentional capture. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 61: 968-76. PMID 18570136 DOI: 10.1080/17470210801943960  0.685
2008 Weger UW, Pratt J. Time flies like an arrow: space-time compatibility effects suggest the use of a mental timeline. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 15: 426-30. PMID 18488663 DOI: 10.3758/PBR.15.2.426  0.354
2008 Al-Aidroos N, Fischer MH, Adam JJ, Pratt J. Structured perceptual arrays and the modulation of Fitts's law: examining saccadic eye movements. Journal of Motor Behavior. 40: 155-64. PMID 18400681 DOI: 10.3200/Jmbr.40.2.155-164  0.671
2008 Daar M, Pratt J. Digits affect actions: the SNARC effect and response selection. Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior. 44: 400-5. PMID 18387571 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2007.12.003  0.319
2008 Pratt J, Neggers B. Inhibition of return in single and dual tasks: examining saccadic, keypress, and pointing responses. Perception & Psychophysics. 70: 257-65. PMID 18372747 DOI: 10.3758/PP.70.2.257  0.373
2008 Lindemann O, Abolafia JM, Pratt J, Bekkering H. Coding strategies in number space: memory requirements influence spatial-numerical associations. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 61: 515-24. PMID 18300183 DOI: 10.1080/17470210701728677  0.358
2008 Adam JJ, Pratt J. Motor set modulates automatic priming effects of uninformative cues. Acta Psychologica. 128: 216-24. PMID 18280449 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2008.01.001  0.393
2008 Young SJ, Pratt J, Chau T. Choosing the fastest movement: perceiving speed-accuracy tradeoffs. Experimental Brain Research. 185: 681-8. PMID 17992521 DOI: 10.1007/S00221-007-1192-9  0.361
2008 Adamo M, Pun C, Pratt J, Ferber S. Your divided attention, please! The maintenance of multiple attentional control sets over distinct regions in space. Cognition. 107: 295-303. PMID 17719570 DOI: 10.1016/J.Cognition.2007.07.003  0.444
2008 Vingilis-Jaremko L, Ferber S, Pratt J. Better late than never: how onsets and offsets influence prior entry and exit. Psychological Research. 72: 443-50. PMID 17647015 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-007-0120-8  0.519
2008 Pratt J, Arnott SR. Modulating the attentional repulsion effect. Acta Psychologica. 127: 137-45. PMID 17490594 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2007.03.003  0.503
2008 Weger UW, Al-Aidroos N, Pratt J. Objects do not aid inhibition of return in crossing the vertical meridian. Psychological Research. 72: 176-82. PMID 17115222 DOI: 10.1007/S00426-006-0104-0  0.683
2008 Weger UW, Abrams RA, Law MB, Pratt J. Attending to objects: Endogenous cues can produce inhibition of return Visual Cognition. 16: 659-674. DOI: 10.1080/13506280701229247  0.83
2007 Chum M, Bekkering H, Dodd MD, Pratt J. Motor and visual codes interact to facilitate visuospatial memory performance. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 14: 1189-93. PMID 18229495 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03193111  0.668
2007 Feng J, Spence I, Pratt J. Playing an action video game reduces gender differences in spatial cognition. Psychological Science. 18: 850-5. PMID 17894600 DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-9280.2007.01990.X  0.556
2007 Fischer MH, Pratt J, Adam JJ. On the timing of reference frames for action control. Experimental Brain Research. 183: 127-32. PMID 17828531 DOI: 10.1007/S00221-007-1104-Z  0.368
2007 Pratt J, Adam JJ, Fischer MH. Visual layout modulates Fitts's law: the importance of first and last positions. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 14: 350-5. PMID 17694925 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03194076  0.38
2007 Pratt J, Chasteen AL. Examining inhibition of return with multiple sequential cues in younger and older adults. Psychology and Aging. 22: 404-9. PMID 17563197 DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.22.2.404  0.358
2007 Stoyanova RS, Pratt J, Anderson AK. Inhibition of return to social signals of fear. Emotion (Washington, D.C.). 7: 49-56. PMID 17352562 DOI: 10.1037/1528-3542.7.1.49  0.406
2007 Wilson DE, Pratt J. Evidence from a response choice task reveals a selection bias in the attentional cueing paradigm. Acta Psychologica. 126: 216-25. PMID 17280639 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.12.003  0.682
2007 Dodd MD, Pratt J. Rapid onset and long-term inhibition of return in the multiple cuing paradigm. Psychological Research. 71: 576-82. PMID 16614836 DOI: 10.1007/S00426-006-0048-4  0.628
2007 Dodd MD, Pratt J. The effect of previous trial type on inhibition of return. Psychological Research. 71: 411-7. PMID 16328434 DOI: 10.1007/S00426-005-0028-0  0.627
2007 Adamo M, Pun C, Pratt J, Ferber S. Can we maintain multiple attentional control sets over distinct regions of space Journal of Vision. 7: 577-577. DOI: 10.1167/7.9.577  0.31
2007 Weger U, Pratt J. Time-words guide spatial attention Journal of Vision. 7: 447-447. DOI: 10.1167/7.9.447  0.367
2007 Stevens S, Pratt J. Attending to peripheral cues distorts objects, but attending to central cues does not Journal of Vision. 7: 431-431. DOI: 10.1167/7.9.431  0.379
2007 Adam JJ, Taminiau B, Pratt J. Planning keypress and reaching responses: Manipulating number of effectors and preparation interval European Journal of Cognitive Psychology. 19: 813-827. DOI: 10.1080/09541440600890680  0.337
2006 Wilson DE, Castel AD, Pratt J. Long-term inhibition of return for spatial locations: evidence for a memory retrieval account. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006). 59: 2135-47. PMID 17095492 DOI: 10.1080/17470210500481569  0.645
2006 Adam JJ, Mol R, Pratt J, Fischer MH. Moving farther but faster: an exception to Fitts's law. Psychological Science. 17: 794-8. PMID 16984297 DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-9280.2006.01784.X  0.39
2006 Pratt J, Dodd M, Welsh T. Growing older does not always mean moving slower: examining aging and the saccadic motor system. Journal of Motor Behavior. 38: 373-82. PMID 16968683 DOI: 10.3200/Jmbr.38.5.373-382  0.712
2006 Klein RM, Castel AD, Pratt J. The effects of memory load on the time course of inhibition of return. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 13: 294-9. PMID 16892997 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03193846  0.423
2006 McAuliffe J, Chasteen AL, Pratt J. Object- and location-based inhibition of return in younger and older adults. Psychology and Aging. 21: 406-10. PMID 16768585 DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.2.406  0.341
2006 Adam JJ, Parthoens S, Pratt J. Distinct mechanisms for planning keypress and reaching responses: a developmental study. Human Movement Science. 25: 293-309. PMID 16650495 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2006.03.005  0.367
2006 Welsh TN, Pratt J. Inhibition of return in cue-target and target-target tasks. Experimental Brain Research. 174: 167-75. PMID 16604317 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-006-0433-7  0.644
2006 Pratt J, Lajonchere CM, Abrams RA. Attentional modulation of the gap effect. Vision Research. 46: 2602-7. PMID 16524610 DOI: 10.1016/J.Visres.2006.01.017  0.809
2005 Gibson BM, Juricevic I, Shettleworth SJ, Pratt J, Klein RM. Looking for inhibition of return in pigeons. Learning & Behavior. 33: 296-308. PMID 16396077 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03192859  0.379
2005 Turk-Browne NB, Pratt J. Attending to eye movements and retinal eccentricity: evidence for the activity distribution model of attention reconsidered. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 31: 1061-6. PMID 16262498 DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.31.5.1061  0.606
2005 Castel AD, Pratt J, Chasteen AL, Scialfa CT. Examining task difficulty and the time course of inhibition of return: detecting perceptually degraded targets. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie ExpéRimentale. 59: 90-8. PMID 16035343 DOI: 10.1037/H0087464  0.483
2005 Bowles B, Ferber S, Pratt J. Letter processing interferes with inhibition of return: evidence for cortical involvement. Brain Research. Cognitive Brain Research. 25: 1-7. PMID 15894469 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.005  0.457
2005 Castel AD, Pratt J, Drummond E. The effects of action video game experience on the time course of inhibition of return and the efficiency of visual search. Acta Psychologica. 119: 217-30. PMID 15877981 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2005.02.004  0.497
2005 Trottier L, Pratt J. Visual processing of targets can reduce saccadic latencies. Vision Research. 45: 1349-54. PMID 15743605 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2004.12.007  0.394
2005 Dodd MD, McAuley T, Pratt J. An illusion of 3-D motion with the Ternus display. Vision Research. 45: 969-73. PMID 15695182 DOI: 10.1016/J.Visres.2004.10.011  0.561
2005 Pratt J, Trottier L. Pro-saccades and anti-saccades to onset and offset targets. Vision Research. 45: 765-74. PMID 15639503 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2004.05.019  0.352
2005 Birmingham E, Pratt J. Examining inhibition of return with onset and offset cues in the multiple-cuing paradigm. Acta Psychologica. 118: 101-21. PMID 15627412 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2004.10.005  0.384
2005 McAuliffe J, Pratt J. The role of temporal and spatial factors in the covert orienting of visual attention tasks. Psychological Research. 69: 285-91. PMID 15235912 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-004-0179-4  0.435
2005 Dodd MD, Pratt J. Allocating visual attention to grouped objects European Journal of Cognitive Psychology. 17: 481-497. DOI: 10.1080/09541440440000122  0.68
2005 Adam J, O'Donnell C, Pratt J. Response selection influences inhibition of return European Journal of Cognitive Psychology. 17: 319-328. DOI: 10.1080/09541440440000069  0.407
2004 Adam JJ, Pratt J. Dissociating visual attention and effector selection in spatial precuing tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 30: 1092-106. PMID 15584817 DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.30.6.1092  0.45
2004 Pratt J, Abrams RA. Illusory gravitational forces affect aimed limb movements. The Journal of General Psychology. 131: 438-50. PMID 15523824  0.601
2004 Bekkering H, Pratt J. Object-based processes in the planning of goal-directed hand movements. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. a, Human Experimental Psychology. 57: 1345-68. PMID 15513250 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000765  0.445
2004 Theeuwes J, Godijn R, Pratt J. A new estimation of the duration of attentional dwell time. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 11: 60-4. PMID 15116987 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03206461  0.349
2004 Grabbe Y, Pratt J. Competing top-down processes in visual selection: evidence that selection by location is stronger than selection by color. The Journal of General Psychology. 131: 137-49. PMID 15088866 DOI: 10.3200/GENP.131.2.137-150  0.41
2004 Pratt J, Shen J, Adam J. The planning and execution of sequential eye movements: saccades do not show the one target advantage. Human Movement Science. 22: 679-88. PMID 15063048 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2003.09.012  0.362
2004 Guy S, Buckolz E, Pratt J. The influence of distractor-only prime trials on the location negative priming mechanism. Experimental Psychology. 51: 4-14. PMID 14959501 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169.51.1.4  0.314
2004 Pratt J, Fischer MH. Movement, Attention, and Perception: Guest Editors' Introduction The Journal of General Psychology. 131: 325-327. DOI: 10.3200/Genp.131.4.325-327  0.404
2003 Dodd MD, Castel AD, Pratt J. Inhibition of return with rapid serial shifts of attention: implications for memory and visual search. Perception & Psychophysics. 65: 1126-35. PMID 14674638 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03194839  0.67
2003 Pratt J, Hirshhorn M. Examining the time course of facilitation and inhibition with simultaneous onset and offset cues. Psychological Research. 67: 261-5. PMID 14634813 DOI: 10.1007/S00426-003-0130-0  0.473
2003 Theeuwes J, Pratt J. Inhibition of return spreads across 3-D space. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 10: 616-20. PMID 14620355 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03196523  0.331
2003 Pratt J, Hommel B. Symbolic control of visual attention: The role of working memory and attentional control settings. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 29: 835-45. PMID 14585008 DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.29.5.835  0.616
2003 Castel AD, Pratt J, Craik FI. The role of spatial working memory in inhibition of return: evidence from divided attention tasks. Perception & Psychophysics. 65: 970-81. PMID 14528903 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03194827  0.4
2003 Castel AD, Chasteen AL, Scialfa CT, Pratt J. Adult age differences in the time course of inhibition of return. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. 58: P256-9. PMID 14507931 DOI: 10.1093/Geronb/58.5.P256  0.315
2003 Pratt J, Turk-Browne NB. The attentional repulsion effect in perception and action. Experimental Brain Research. 152: 376-82. PMID 12928759 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-003-1557-7  0.696
2003 Fischer MH, Pratt J, Neggers SF. Inhibition of return and manual pointing movements. Perception & Psychophysics. 65: 379-87. PMID 12785068 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03194569  0.4
2003 Fischer MH, Castel AD, Dodd MD, Pratt J. Perceiving numbers causes spatial shifts of attention. Nature Neuroscience. 6: 555-6. PMID 12754517 DOI: 10.1038/Nn1066  0.652
2002 Pratt J, McAuliffe J. Determining whether attentional control settings are inclusive or exclusive. Perception & Psychophysics. 64: 1361-70. PMID 12519032 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03194778  0.469
2002 Pratt J, Fischer MH. Examining the role of the fixation cue in inhibition of return. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie ExpéRimentale. 56: 294-301. PMID 12491653 DOI: 10.1037/H0087405  0.394
2002 Lum J, Enns JT, Pratt J. Visual orienting in college athletes: explorations of athlete type and gender. Research Quarterly For Exercise and Sport. 73: 156-67. PMID 12092890 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2002.10609004  0.436
2002 Pratt J, Quilty L. Examining the activity-distribution model of visual attention with exogenous cues and targets. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. a, Human Experimental Psychology. 55: 627-41. PMID 12047063 DOI: 10.1080/02724980143000398  0.407
2002 Godijn R, Pratt J. Endogenous saccades are preceded by shifts of visual attention: evidence from cross-saccadic priming effects. Acta Psychologica. 110: 83-102. PMID 12005230 DOI: 10.1016/S0001-6918(01)00071-3  0.444
2002 McAuliffe J, Pratt J, O'Donnell C. Examining location-based and object-based components of inhibition of return in static displays. Perception & Psychophysics. 63: 1072-82. PMID 11578051 DOI: 10.3758/BF03194525  0.365
2002 Pratt J, McAuliffe J. Inhibition of return in visual marking? The importance of the interstimulus interval and the type of search task Visual Cognition. 9: 869-888. DOI: 10.1080/13506280143000449  0.376
2002 Buckolz E, Boulougouris A, O'Donnell C, Pratt J. Disengaging the negative priming mechanism in location tasks European Journal of Cognitive Psychology. 14: 207-225. DOI: 10.1080/09541440143000032  0.446
2001 Pratt J, Sekuler AB. The effects of occlusion and past experience on the allocation of object-based attention. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 8: 721-7. PMID 11848591 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03196209  0.404
2001 Pratt J, Castel AD. Responding to feature or location: A re-examination of inhibition of return and facilitation of return Vision Research. 41: 3903-3908. PMID 11738455 DOI: 10.1016/S0042-6989(01)00238-3  0.437
2001 Pratt J, Hillis J, Gold JM. The effect of the physical characteristics of cues and targets on facilitation and inhibition Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. 8: 489-495. PMID 11700899 DOI: 10.3758/BF03196183  0.434
2001 Arnott SR, Pratt J, Shore DI, Alain C. Attentional set modulates visual areas: an event-related potential study of attentional capture. Brain Research. Cognitive Brain Research. 12: 383-95. PMID 11689298 DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6410(01)00066-0  0.509
2001 Gold JM, Pratt J. Is position "special" in visual attention? Evidence that top-down processes guide visual selection Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology. 55: 261-270. PMID 11605561 DOI: 10.1037/H0087372  0.404
2001 Pratt J, McAuliffe J. The effects of onsets and offsets on visual attention Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung. 65: 185-191. PMID 11571913 DOI: 10.1007/S004260100058  0.454
2001 Hommel B, Pratt J, Colzato L, Godijn R. Symbolic control of visual attention. Psychological Science. 12: 360-5. PMID 11554667 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9280.00367  0.614
2001 Bennett PJ, Pratt J. The spatial distribution of inhibition of return. Psychological Science. 12: 76-80. PMID 11294232 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9280.00313  0.411
2001 Pratt J, Sekuler AB, McAuliffe J. The role of attentional set on attentional cueing and inhibition of return Visual Cognition. 8: 33-46. DOI: 10.1080/13506280042000018  0.442
2000 Pratt J, O'Donnell C, Morgan A. The role of the fixation location in inhibition of return. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale. 54: 186-95. PMID 11021038 DOI: 10.1037/H0087340  0.488
2000 Abrams RA, Pratt J. Oculocentric coding of inhibited eye movements to recently attended locations. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 26: 776-88. PMID 10811175 DOI: 10.1037//0096-1523.26.2.776  0.663
2000 Ro T, Pratt J, Rafal RD. Inhibition of return in saccadic eye movements. Experimental Brain Research. 130: 264-8. PMID 10672481 DOI: 10.1007/S002219900257  0.379
2000 Pratt J, Bekkering H, Leung M. Estimating the components of the gap effect Experimental Brain Research. 130: 258-263. PMID 10672480 DOI: 10.1007/S002219900243  0.397
2000 Scialfa CT, Hamaluk E, Skaloud P, Pratt J. Age differences in saccadic averaging. Psychology and Aging. 14: 695-9. PMID 10632155 DOI: 10.1037//0882-7974.14.4.695  0.349
2000 Pratt J, Nghiem T. The role of the gap effect in the orienting of attention: Evidence for express attentional shifts Visual Cognition. 7: 629-644. DOI: 10.1080/135062800407220  0.468
1999 Kingstone A, Pratt J. Inhibition of return is composed of attentional and oculomotor processes. Perception & Psychophysics. 61: 1046-54. PMID 10497426 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03207612  0.608
1999 Pratt J, Bekkering H, Abrams RA, Adam J. The Gap effect for spatially oriented responses. Acta Psychologica. 102: 1-12. PMID 10418320 DOI: 10.1016/S0001-6918(99)00014-1  0.682
1999 Pratt J, McAuliffe J. Examining the effect of practice on inhibition of return in static displays. Perception & Psychophysics. 61: 756-65. PMID 10370341 DOI: 10.3758/BF03205543  0.356
1999 Chasteen AL, Pratt J. The effect of age-related stereotypes on response initiation and execution Journal of General Psychology. 126: 17-36. PMID 10216968 DOI: 10.1080/00221309909595349  0.328
1999 Pratt J, Abrams RA. Inhibition of return in discrimination tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 25: 229-42. PMID 10069033 DOI: 10.1037//0096-1523.25.1.229  0.728
1999 Chasteen AL, Pratt J. The effect of inhibition of return on lexical access Psychological Science. 10: 41-46. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9280.00104  0.39
1999 Pratt J, Bellomo CN. Attentional Capture in Younger and Older Adults Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition. 6: 19-31. DOI: 10.1076/ANEC.6.1.19.792  0.404
1999 Pratt J, Spalek TM, Bradshaw F. The time to detect targets at inhibited and noninhibited locations: Preliminary evidence for attentional momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. 25: 730-746. DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.25.3.730  0.466
1998 Abrams RA, Pratt J, Chasteen AL. Aging and movement: variability of force pulses for saccadic eye movements. Psychology and Aging. 13: 387-95. PMID 9793115 DOI: 10.1037//0882-7974.13.3.387  0.617
1998 Pratt J. Visual fixation offsets affect both the initiation and the kinematic features of saccades. Experimental Brain Research. 118: 135-8. PMID 9547072 DOI: 10.1007/s002210050264  0.357
1998 Abrams RA, Oonk HM, Pratt J. Fixation point offsets facilitate endogenous saccades. Perception & Psychophysics. 60: 201-8. PMID 9529904 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03206029  0.811
1998 Pratt J, Adam JJ, McAuliffe J. The spatial relationship between cues and targets mediates inhibition of return. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne De Psychologie ExpéRimentale. 52: 213-216. DOI: 10.1037/H0087294  0.439
1997 Pratt J, Kingstone A, Khoe W. Inhibition of return in location- and identity-based choice decision tasks. Perception & Psychophysics. 59: 964-71. PMID 9270368 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03205511  0.616
1997 Pratt J, Abrams RA, Chasteen AL. Initiation and inhibition of saccadic eye movements in younger and older adults: an analysis of the gap effect. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. 52: P103-7. PMID 9060985 DOI: 10.1093/Geronb/52B.2.P103  0.638
1996 Pratt J, Abrams RA. Practice and Component Submovements: The Roles of Programming and Feedback in Rapid Aimed Limb Movements. Journal of Motor Behavior. 28: 149-156. PMID 12529216 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.1996.9941741  0.658
1996 O'Donnell C, Pratt J. Inhibition of Return Along the Path of Attention Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology. 50: 386-392. PMID 9025328 DOI: 10.1037/1196-1961.50.4.386  0.478
1996 Bekkering H, Pratt J, Abrams RA. The gap effect for eye and hand movements. Perception & Psychophysics. 58: 628-35. PMID 8934692 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03213095  0.674
1996 Abrams RA, Pratt J. Spatially diffuse inhibition affects multiple locations: a reply to Tipper, Weaver, and Watson (1996). Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 22: 1294-8. PMID 8865622 DOI: 10.1037//0096-1523.22.5.1294  0.628
1995 Pratt J. Inhibition of return in a discrimination task. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 2: 117-120. PMID 24203594 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03214416  0.429
1995 Law MB, Pratt J, Abrams RA. Color-based inhibition of return. Perception & Psychophysics. 57: 402-8. PMID 7770330 DOI: 10.3758/Bf03213064  0.825
1995 Pratt J, Abrams RA. Inhibition of return to successively cued spatial locations. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance. 21: 1343-53. PMID 7490584 DOI: 10.1037//0096-1523.21.6.1343  0.669
1995 Bekkering H, Abrams RA, Pratt J. Transfer of saccadic adaptation to the manual motor system Human Movement Science. 14: 155-164. DOI: 10.1016/0167-9457(95)00003-B  0.63
1994 Pratt J, Chasteen AL, Abrams RA. Rapid aimed limb movements: age differences and practice effects in component submovements. Psychology and Aging. 9: 325-34. PMID 8054180 DOI: 10.1037//0882-7974.9.2.325  0.619
1994 Pratt J, Abrams RA. Action-centered inhibition: Effects of distractors on movement planning and execution Human Movement Science. 13: 245-254. DOI: 10.1016/0167-9457(94)90039-6  0.644
1993 Abrams RA, Pratt J. Rapid aimed limb movements: differential effects of practice on component submovements. Journal of Motor Behavior. 25: 288-98. PMID 15064195 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.1993.9941650  0.638
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