1985 — 1989 |
Terman, Michael |
K02Activity Code Description: Undocumented code - click on the grant title for more information. |
Behvl/Sensory Functions of Circadian Rhythmicity @ Columbia Univ New York Morningside
This proposal requests salary support for the applicant under the ADAMHA Research Scientist Development Program, Level II. It would enable him to assume a full-time appointment at New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychophysiology. The research plan, covering five years, concentrates on studies of behavioral and biological functions which comprise an organism's time-keeping repertoire. The experiments are based on behavioral, psychophysical and neuro-anatomical methods for analyzing a set of short-interval and circadian timing mechanisms, and their interactions. Specific topics include: a) Temporal Anticipation in the Short-Interval and Circadian Ranges, using exteroceptively cued feeding schedules; b) Short-Interval Timing with Circadian Activity Rhythms, using the Time-Left psychophysical method for assessing changes in the speed of an internal clock; c) Behavioral Analysis of Luminance Detectability Rhythms, using a signal-detection paradigm to study circadian oscillations in visual threshold; and c) Retinal Photoreceptor Organization and Circadian Variation in Visual Sensitivity, using coordinated anatomical and behavioral methods to specify the relation of rod outer-segment mechanisms to oscillating detection performance. Additionally, the candidate proposes to develop interactions with clinical research staff of the institute whose interests relate to circadian timing processes in patient populations.
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0.934 |
1987 — 1996 |
Terman, Michael |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Light Therapy For Seasonal Affective Disorder @ New York State Psychiatric Institute
Light therapy for winter depression (Seasonal Affective Disorder, SAD), offers the promise of major alleviation of symptoms of fatigue, hyperphagia, hypersomnia, dysphoria, and anxiety that - according to recent surveys - are experienced by millions of people living in the middle-to- northern latitudes of the U. S., as well as a larger number of subsyndromal sufferers. Although early studies ha e consistently demonstrated rapid improvement in outpatient populations, individual protocols have been compromised by factors such as inadequate sample size, ambiguous controls, inconsistent level of severity at entry points into treatment and evaluation of relapse upon withdrawal, and application of lenient measures of symptom reduction. And although previous morning-evening comparisons of light scheduling have led to an impression of morning-light superiority, our preliminary data suggest that both are equally effective when presented as initial treatment. Evening light, however, becomes ineffective following morning treatment, with total lack of response observed thus far. Such evening-light decrement is also seen in reanalysis of cross-center data. This sequential dependency provides a procedural framework for distinguishing among alternate mechanisms that may subserve the specific action of light therapy. Our proposed experiments build upon a rigorously controlled protocol in which SAD patients receive successive, randomized tests of bright artificial light in morning and evening hours, including parallel-group controls designed to elucidate the morning-light carryover effect. We raise the new hypotheses, that (1) clinical response to light is effective at any time of day except when it induces circadian phase delay (as measured by nocturnal onset of melatonin secretion), and (2) light treatment serves to stimulate retinal photoreceptor metabolism, potentiating visual input signals to the central nervous system. We propose to test an interactive model of phase delay and retinal response through melatonin measurements and dark-adaptometry at selected points within the clinical protocol. Further, we plan to challenge these physiological explanations of light effect by addition of an inert placebo control. At issue is whether initial evening light response is nonspecific, and whether lack of response is induced by prior exposure to the putative active agent, morning light. Patients will also receive detailed ophthalmological evaluations pre-and posttreatment, and in long- term follow-up, in an ongoing effort to document ocular safety of bright light treatment, and to probe for the presence of any retinal effects.
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0.961 |
1997 — 2003 |
Terman, Michael |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Lightion Therapy For Seasonal Affective Disor @ New York State Psychiatric Institute
Light therapy for winter depression (Seasonal Affective Disorder, SAD), offers the promise of major alleviation of symptoms of fatigue, hyperphagia, hypersomnia, dysphoria, and anxiety that - according to recent surveys - are experienced by millions of people living in the middle-to- northern latitudes of the U. S., as well as a larger number of subsyndromal sufferers. Although early studies ha e consistently demonstrated rapid improvement in outpatient populations, individual protocols have been compromised by factors such as inadequate sample size, ambiguous controls, inconsistent level of severity at entry points into treatment and evaluation of relapse upon withdrawal, and application of lenient measures of symptom reduction. And although previous morning-evening comparisons of light scheduling have led to an impression of morning-light superiority, our preliminary data suggest that both are equally effective when presented as initial treatment. Evening light, however, becomes ineffective following morning treatment, with total lack of response observed thus far. Such evening-light decrement is also seen in reanalysis of cross-center data. This sequential dependency provides a procedural framework for distinguishing among alternate mechanisms that may subserve the specific action of light therapy. Our proposed experiments build upon a rigorously controlled protocol in which SAD patients receive successive, randomized tests of bright artificial light in morning and evening hours, including parallel-group controls designed to elucidate the morning-light carryover effect. We raise the new hypotheses, that (1) clinical response to light is effective at any time of day except when it induces circadian phase delay (as measured by nocturnal onset of melatonin secretion), and (2) light treatment serves to stimulate retinal photoreceptor metabolism, potentiating visual input signals to the central nervous system. We propose to test an interactive model of phase delay and retinal response through melatonin measurements and dark-adaptometry at selected points within the clinical protocol. Further, we plan to challenge these physiological explanations of light effect by addition of an inert placebo control. At issue is whether initial evening light response is nonspecific, and whether lack of response is induced by prior exposure to the putative active agent, morning light. Patients will also receive detailed ophthalmological evaluations pre-and posttreatment, and in long- term follow-up, in an ongoing effort to document ocular safety of bright light treatment, and to probe for the presence of any retinal effects.
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0.961 |
1999 |
Terman, Michael |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Light and Ion Therapy For Seasonal Affective Disorder @ New York State Psychiatric Institute
Light therapy for winter depression (Seasonal Affective Disorder, SAD), offers the promise of major alleviation of symptoms of fatigue, hyperphagia, hypersomnia, dysphoria, and anxiety that - according to recent surveys - are experienced by millions of people living in the middle-to- northern latitudes of the U. S., as well as a larger number of subsyndromal sufferers. Although early studies ha e consistently demonstrated rapid improvement in outpatient populations, individual protocols have been compromised by factors such as inadequate sample size, ambiguous controls, inconsistent level of severity at entry points into treatment and evaluation of relapse upon withdrawal, and application of lenient measures of symptom reduction. And although previous morning-evening comparisons of light scheduling have led to an impression of morning-light superiority, our preliminary data suggest that both are equally effective when presented as initial treatment. Evening light, however, becomes ineffective following morning treatment, with total lack of response observed thus far. Such evening-light decrement is also seen in reanalysis of cross-center data. This sequential dependency provides a procedural framework for distinguishing among alternate mechanisms that may subserve the specific action of light therapy. Our proposed experiments build upon a rigorously controlled protocol in which SAD patients receive successive, randomized tests of bright artificial light in morning and evening hours, including parallel-group controls designed to elucidate the morning-light carryover effect. We raise the new hypotheses, that (1) clinical response to light is effective at any time of day except when it induces circadian phase delay (as measured by nocturnal onset of melatonin secretion), and (2) light treatment serves to stimulate retinal photoreceptor metabolism, potentiating visual input signals to the central nervous system. We propose to test an interactive model of phase delay and retinal response through melatonin measurements and dark-adaptometry at selected points within the clinical protocol. Further, we plan to challenge these physiological explanations of light effect by addition of an inert placebo control. At issue is whether initial evening light response is nonspecific, and whether lack of response is induced by prior exposure to the putative active agent, morning light. Patients will also receive detailed ophthalmological evaluations pre-and posttreatment, and in long- term follow-up, in an ongoing effort to document ocular safety of bright light treatment, and to probe for the presence of any retinal effects.
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0.961 |
1999 |
Terman, Michael |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Light/Ion Therapy For Seasonal Affective Disorder @ New York State Psychiatric Institute
Light therapy for winter depression (Seasonal Affective Disorder, SAD), offers the promise of major alleviation of symptoms of fatigue, hyperphagia, hypersomnia, dysphoria, and anxiety that - according to recent surveys - are experienced by millions of people living in the middle-to- northern latitudes of the U. S., as well as a larger number of subsyndromal sufferers. Although early studies ha e consistently demonstrated rapid improvement in outpatient populations, individual protocols have been compromised by factors such as inadequate sample size, ambiguous controls, inconsistent level of severity at entry points into treatment and evaluation of relapse upon withdrawal, and application of lenient measures of symptom reduction. And although previous morning-evening comparisons of light scheduling have led to an impression of morning-light superiority, our preliminary data suggest that both are equally effective when presented as initial treatment. Evening light, however, becomes ineffective following morning treatment, with total lack of response observed thus far. Such evening-light decrement is also seen in reanalysis of cross-center data. This sequential dependency provides a procedural framework for distinguishing among alternate mechanisms that may subserve the specific action of light therapy. Our proposed experiments build upon a rigorously controlled protocol in which SAD patients receive successive, randomized tests of bright artificial light in morning and evening hours, including parallel-group controls designed to elucidate the morning-light carryover effect. We raise the new hypotheses, that (1) clinical response to light is effective at any time of day except when it induces circadian phase delay (as measured by nocturnal onset of melatonin secretion), and (2) light treatment serves to stimulate retinal photoreceptor metabolism, potentiating visual input signals to the central nervous system. We propose to test an interactive model of phase delay and retinal response through melatonin measurements and dark-adaptometry at selected points within the clinical protocol. Further, we plan to challenge these physiological explanations of light effect by addition of an inert placebo control. At issue is whether initial evening light response is nonspecific, and whether lack of response is induced by prior exposure to the putative active agent, morning light. Patients will also receive detailed ophthalmological evaluations pre-and posttreatment, and in long- term follow-up, in an ongoing effort to document ocular safety of bright light treatment, and to probe for the presence of any retinal effects.
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0.961 |
2000 |
Terman, Michael |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Light/ Ion Therapy For Seasonal Affective Disorder @ New York State Psychiatric Institute
Light therapy for winter depression (Seasonal Affective Disorder, SAD), offers the promise of major alleviation of symptoms of fatigue, hyperphagia, hypersomnia, dysphoria, and anxiety that - according to recent surveys - are experienced by millions of people living in the middle-to- northern latitudes of the U. S., as well as a larger number of subsyndromal sufferers. Although early studies ha e consistently demonstrated rapid improvement in outpatient populations, individual protocols have been compromised by factors such as inadequate sample size, ambiguous controls, inconsistent level of severity at entry points into treatment and evaluation of relapse upon withdrawal, and application of lenient measures of symptom reduction. And although previous morning-evening comparisons of light scheduling have led to an impression of morning-light superiority, our preliminary data suggest that both are equally effective when presented as initial treatment. Evening light, however, becomes ineffective following morning treatment, with total lack of response observed thus far. Such evening-light decrement is also seen in reanalysis of cross-center data. This sequential dependency provides a procedural framework for distinguishing among alternate mechanisms that may subserve the specific action of light therapy. Our proposed experiments build upon a rigorously controlled protocol in which SAD patients receive successive, randomized tests of bright artificial light in morning and evening hours, including parallel-group controls designed to elucidate the morning-light carryover effect. We raise the new hypotheses, that (1) clinical response to light is effective at any time of day except when it induces circadian phase delay (as measured by nocturnal onset of melatonin secretion), and (2) light treatment serves to stimulate retinal photoreceptor metabolism, potentiating visual input signals to the central nervous system. We propose to test an interactive model of phase delay and retinal response through melatonin measurements and dark-adaptometry at selected points within the clinical protocol. Further, we plan to challenge these physiological explanations of light effect by addition of an inert placebo control. At issue is whether initial evening light response is nonspecific, and whether lack of response is induced by prior exposure to the putative active agent, morning light. Patients will also receive detailed ophthalmological evaluations pre-and posttreatment, and in long- term follow-up, in an ongoing effort to document ocular safety of bright light treatment, and to probe for the presence of any retinal effects.
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0.961 |