Marco Santello - US grants
Affiliations: | Biological and Health System Engineering | Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States |
Area:
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The funding information displayed below comes from the NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools and the NSF Award Database.The grant data on this page is limited to grants awarded in the United States and is thus partial. It can nonetheless be used to understand how funding patterns influence mentorship networks and vice-versa, which has deep implications on how research is done.
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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, Marco Santello is the likely recipient of the following grants.Years | Recipients | Code | Title / Keywords | Matching score |
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2002 — 2011 | Santello, Marco | R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
@ Arizona State University-Tempe Campus DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Important features of the kinetics and kinematics of human object grasping and manipulation have been characterized, providing significant insight into how the Central Nervous System controls the hand. However, the underlying neural mechanisms that regulate the activity of multiple hand muscles are not yet well understood. This gap in our understanding of hand control has significant clinical implications for rehabilitation of hand function following neurological injury such as stroke. In our previous work we focused on correlated neural input to hand muscles to quantify the neural bases of force coordination during object grasping. We found that correlated neural input is distributed in a muscle-pair specific fashion, i.e., the neural coupling between certain muscle pairs is stronger than that between other muscle pairs. However, within this distribution, the strength of neural coupling of given muscle pairs could be modulated to task conditions. Yet, these results were obtained from a relatively small number of muscles and limited range of task conditions (grip type and object center of mass). The aim of the present study is to determine the neural mechanisms underlying a crucial aspect of hand control: the modulation of digit force direction. To attain this objective we will quantify the modulation of (a) EMG amplitude and (b) correlated neural input (coherence) of all muscles of the thumb, index and middle fingers as a function of digit force direction. Our working hypotheses are that (1) a force-direction dependent modulation of coherence between two muscles will occur as the relative force contribution of a given muscle to the modulation of fingertip force direction changes and (2) coherence modulation will occur within an invariant distribution of correlated neural input among hand muscle pairs. These hypotheses will be tested through one-digit force production tasks and multi-digit grasping tasks (Aim#1 and #2, respectively). The outcomes of our experiments will establish how motor commands controlling groups of hand muscles are modulated as a function of force direction and task constraints. Our data are expected to improve our understanding of the control of prehension, specifically the principles underlying fundamental mechanisms of synergistic control of hand muscles for object grasping and manipulation. Relevance to public health: We believe that this knowledge will be beneficial to rehabilitation and restoration of hand function as well as to the field of neuroprosthetics. |
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2006 — 2011 | Santello, Marco | N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Collaborative Research: Coordination of Multi-Digit Forces During Grasping @ Arizona State University How does the brain work with the human body to control behavior? This question holds many deep issues that are central to the behavioral and cognitive sciences. Some of them are more philosophical in nature (like the famous mind/body problem of Cartesian dualism), while others are more mechanical. One of the most general mechanical issues with behavioral control is often referred to as the "degrees of freedom" problem. The problem is that action goals may very often be reached by many different paths of action. To illustrate, imagine the act of picking up a cup of coffee. Healthy adults take this act for granted as trivially easy, but from the perspective of the human brain and body, there is non-trivial problem to be solved. The problem is that there is a vast number of distinct trajectories of the torso, arms, and fingers that may all suffice to accomplish the task of lifting the cup. How does the system choose among the vast array of possibilities so efficiently and effortlessly? |
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2008 — 2012 | Santello, Marco | N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Collaborative Research: Dextrous Control of Multi-Digit Grasping @ Arizona State University The complexity of the human hand requires creative and multidisciplinary efforts aimed at understanding its control. The brain relies on strategies to simplify the control of complex movements such as those produced by the hands. However, most studies of these strategies have focused on limited tasks that may not generalize to natural grasping behaviors and that do not take into account the use of sensation. The overall aim of this collaborative research proposal is to test how grasp strategies depend on the behavior performed. The results will provide insight into how the brain controls and coordinates the complex architecture of the hand and how sensory information is used in this control. |
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2008 — 2012 | Santello, Marco | R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Sensorimotor Integration Underlying Hand Control in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome @ Arizona State University-Tempe Campus DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Effective control of object grasping and manipulation relies on the ability to adjust forces of individual digits to the properties of the object being grasped such as its weight, center of mass or texture. These adjustments rely on (a) detecting object properties through sensory feedback derived primarily from receptors in the fingertips and hand muscles and (b) integrating this feedback with activation of hand muscles appropriate for grasping and manipulation. However, the fine tuning of hand muscle activity to object properties can be disrupted by a number of neurological and musculo-skeletal diseases such as Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS). This compresion neuropathy of the median nerve is one of the most common and debilitating diseases affecting hand function. CTS results in self-reported loss of manual dexterity (e.g., difficulties with fine manipulation, dropping objects, etc.) which is due to somatosensory deficits in the thumb, index, middle and lateral half of the ring finger, and, in severe cases, motor deficits in the thumb. As whole- hand grasping require sensing object properties from all digits to accurately adjust their forces, the study of CTS offers a unique opportunity to improve our understanding the mechanisms underlying sensorimotor integration during whole-hand grasping and manipulation. This primary objective will be pursued by using CTS as a research model to address these important questions of sensorimotor control of grasping. An additional secondary objective is to use the results of the proposed research to improve our understanding of the extent to which increasing impairment in nerve function affects sensorimotor transformations necessary for learning and executing specific aspects of skilled object manipulation. We will pursue two Specific Aims: (1) to quantify the extent to which patients with CTS are able to coordinate all digit forces and contact points when altering object properties (center of mass, weight and texture) and their predictability during five-digit grasping;and (2) to determine the extent to which patients with CTS are able to coordinate digit forces as a function of the number of digits (two, three, four, and five) involved in the grasp. In both Aims, multi-dimensional measures of grasp control from patients with mild and moderately severe CTS will be compared with those obtained from age- and gender-matched healthy controls. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE. The objectives of the proposed research are relevant to public health as they address a debilitating neuromuscular disease of the hand, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS), that affects the quality of life in 6 to 14 million adults in the United States. We propose to use CTS as a model to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying sensorimotor integration responsible for skilled object manipulation. The knowledge gained through our proposed research will provide significant insight into how electrodiagnostic measures of nerve function relate to specific aspects of grasp control, thus improving the interpretability and applications of these clinical measures. |
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2009 — 2013 | Santello, Marco | N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Ri: Medium: Collaborative Research: Robotic Hands: Understanding and Implementing Adaptive Grasping @ Arizona State University This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). |
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2011 — 2017 | Panchanathan, Sethuraman Miller, Clark Santello, Marco Pavri, Shireen Golshani, Forouzan (co-PI) [⬀] |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Igert: Person-Centered Technologies and Practices For Individuals With Disabilities @ Arizona State University This Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) award will train a new generation of doctoral graduates to become future leaders in the field of disabilities through an integrated and interdisciplinary education-research-practice model. Intellectual Merit: The unique features of this IGERT include: 1) Development of person-centered solutions to address the complex needs of individuals with disabilities; 2) Innovative cross-disciplinary research and training at the convergence of computer science and engineering, bioengineering, mechanical engineering, science education, psychology, science and public policy, and industrial design; 3) Novel threads of learning such as entrepreneurship and global leadership; on-field activities, such as service learning; and use-inspired projects involving collaborations with caregivers, industry and government organizations; 4) The melding of a Ph.D. granting institution(ASU) and a teaching and research intensive institution (CSULB) to extend this training opportunity to a large number of students. |
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2012 — 2016 | Santello, Marco | N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
@ Arizona State University The ability to grasp and manipulate objects is an extremely complex motor behavior. When grasping an object such as a cup, people often vary their finger placements and the forces exerted by the fingers in order to ensure that the goal is attained (in this case, lifting the cup without spilling its contents). How humans do this so efficiently is not known, in part because previous research constrained subjects to place their fingers at pre-specified locations on the objects. This has led to a major gap in our understanding of how these complex motor behaviors are learned, planned, and executed. To address this gap, the proposed studies will investigate how subjects grasp and manipulate objects in tasks that allow them to choose their finger placements and applied forces and, importantly, to adjust the interaction between the two. Another function of grasping is to develop a representation of an object's weight and the distribution of weight within the object. How subjects develop this representation and refine their actions will be examined by studying the interaction between information extracted by grasping and memories of past manipulations of the object. The hypothesis that fingertip placement and forces are learned independently from each other will be tested by manipulating visual feedback of fingertip placement, varying visual shape and density cues, and through object rotation tasks that create a discrepancy between visual cues and memories of the same object from prior manipulations. |
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2014 — 2015 | Santello, Marco | R21Activity Code Description: To encourage the development of new research activities in categorical program areas. (Support generally is restricted in level of support and in time.) |
Soft Synergy-Based Artificial Hand For Prosthetic Applications @ Arizona State University-Tempe Campus DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The human hand is critically important for performance of many activities of daily living (ADL), including self- feeding, tool use, and recreation. Therefore, loss of the hand due to traumatic injury or disease significantly limits persons with limb loss' ability to perform ADL and work, thus greatly affecting overall quality of life. Despite advances in hand prostheses design and research, several barriers remain against widespread acceptance of prosthetic hands by persons with limb loss. The two most significant deterrents to prosthetic use are prostheses' limited functionality, e.g., limited ability to perfor ADL, and comfort, which includes fit and weight of prosthesis. Additional factors associated with abandonment of hand prostheses are durability of the prosthetic hand; lack of sensory feedback; cost, which can be significant when considering both the initial and maintenance costs of the more sophisticated hand prostheses, i.e., myoelectric models; and the aesthetic appearance of the prosthetic hand. Therefore, today's commercially available hand prostheses fail to address the needs of persons with limb loss, i.e., regaining some degree of autonomy, functionality, and re-entering the work force. To address the above gaps in hand prosthetic research and access to persons with limb loss, we propose to design a new prosthetic hand based on an artificial hand designed by the University of Pisa and the Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), the Pisa/IIT SoftHand (SH). The design of the SH is based on the recently proposed approach of soft synergies that capitalizes on the combination of the concept of human hand synergies and novel soft robotics technologies. The SH was designed and implemented for robotics applications, and therefore its potential for prosthetic applications on patients with transradial amputation remains to be demonstrated. However, preliminary data suggest that healthy controls using the myoelectric version of the SH can grasp and manipulate a wide variety of objects with minimal training. The proposed studies were designed to pursue two aims: (1) to quantify the functional capabilities of the SH for prosthetic applications on intat individuals, and (2) to quantify the functional capabilities of the modified SH on persons with limb loss. The results of Aim 1 (year 1) will be used to implement design modifications to the SH (socket, EMG-based controller, force feedback interface) to be tested on patients (Aim 2, year 2). For both aims, we will use tasks used by clinicians for functional assessment of persons with upper limb loss, as well as biomechanical tests. We hypothesize that patients will learn to use the SH and perform grasp and manipulation tasks to a greater level than that allowed by their current terminal devices. The long-term objectives of this exploratory study are to provide an important foundation for a larger study focusing on (1) the design of a low- cost and high-performance hand prosthesis that will be accepted by persons with limb loss, and (2) enable performance of a wider range of ADL tasks than allowed by today's commercially available prostheses. |
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2015 — 2016 | Santello, Marco | N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
@ Arizona State University This project will bring together teams from Arizona State University and University of Houston in collaboration with industry partners to establish a research center, called BRAIN (Building Reliable Advances and Innovation in Neurotechnology) that will overcome several innovation challenges in neurotechnology: 1) The pace of innovation exceeds the rate of evaluation for acceptable performance; 2) Standards and regulatory science for rigorous validation of safety, efficacy, and long-term reliability are missing; 3) Lack of open access to technologies and synergistic collaborations impede transfer of novel technologies to the market; and 4) Current technologies are costly, limiting their utility in enhancing treatment and overcoming physical disabilities. In addition, the BRAIN Center, through the efforts of the Education/Outreach coordinator, will work to rectify under-representation in the science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields by broadening new participation and retaining current participants in STEM through 1) newly initiated K-12 outreach programs that expose aspiring STEM participants to innovative neurotechnologies, 2) undergraduate internship program within the Center that targets specific student organizations (e.g., Society of Mexican-American Engineers and Scientists, Society of Women Engineers), and 3) focusing on problems in the neurological space that affect underrepresented groups disproportionately. |
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2015 — 2018 | Santello, Marco | N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Collaborative Research: Sensorimotor Control of Hand-Object Interactions @ Arizona State University How people use their hands to interact with objects is one of the most complex and least understood sensorimotor skills. For example, when people pick up the same object multiple times they use different fingertip forces to compensate for differences in their fingertip positions. This compensation is important because it allows people to manipulate an object skillfully without having always to grasp it at the exact same points. Several important questions remain: What is the relative contribution of individual sensory modalities, such as touch and vision, in enabling the compensatory modulation of fingertip force and position? Are fingertip forces and positions represented separately by the central nervous system? What are the mechanisms underlying their generalization to different limbs or tasks? These questions represent a major gap in our understanding of how the central nervous system learns, plans, and executes complex motor behaviors. An understanding of how sensory modalities are seamlessly integrated to enable the development and implementation of high-level internal representations of hand-object interactions should inspire the design of more dexterous robotic manipulators endowed with sensory feedback, improve neuroprosthetics, and aid development of advanced bioengineering research tools to quantify biological control mechanisms. |
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2017 — 2022 | Tyler, William (co-PI) [⬀] Kleim, Jeffrey Santello, Marco |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
I/Ucrc For Building Reliable Advances and Innovation in Neurotechnology (Brain) @ Arizona State University Age-related diseases are increasingly a leading cause of disability. Millions of younger adults live with neurological disorders, limb loss from amputation or paralysis from spinal cord injury. Traumatic brain injury can have lifelong effects on cognitive-motor function, significantly decreasing quality and length of life. There is a critical need for state-of-the art technology to effectively address the care and rehabilitation of these individuals. However, innovation in biomedical devices and other neurotechnologies faces several challenges: 1) The pace of innovation is moving more quickly than the rate of evaluation for acceptable performance; 2) Standards and regulatory science for the rigorous validation of safety, efficacy, and long-term reliability are missing; 3) Lack of open access to technologies that slows the transfer of novel technologies to the market; and 4) Current technologies are not affordable. To address these challenges, Arizona State University will partner with University of Houston to establish and host a multi-institution Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) for Building Reliable Advances and Innovation in Neurotechnology (BRAIN). The BRAIN Center's vision is a synergistic, interdisciplinary approach to develop and validate affordable patient-centered technologies. BRAIN will leverage expertise in neural systems, cognitive and rehabilitation engineering, robotics, clinical testing, and reverse-translational research at the University of Houston and Arizona State University to 1) enhance the rate of development and empirical validation of new technologies through partnerships with industry leaders and other strategic partners; 2) develop standards and technologies in human and non-human models, using a multi-scale approach ranging from single neurons to organismal systems; 3) characterize innovative technologies such as biosensors and quantitative analysis tools for systems and behaviors; 4) evaluate the impact of these technologies on quality of life; and 5) reduce the cost of neurotechnologies. The BRAIN Center's mission is multifold: to accelerate the progress of science and advance national health by transferring engineering innovations in neurotechnology to the end users, and to rectify underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields by broadening new participation and retaining current participants in STEM. It also will focus on problems in the neurological space that affect underrepresented groups disproportionately. BRAIN will become an innovative neurotechnology hub for the Southwest, creating a pipeline from discoveries to solutions while helping talented students, scientists, and engineers in the region take their innovations to the next level and solve one of the greatest unmet medical and health care needs of our time. |
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2018 — 2022 | Fine, Justin (co-PI) [⬀] Santello, Marco |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Collaborative Research: Effector and Task Neural Representations of Hand-Object Interactions @ Arizona State University This project focuses on understanding how people learn, plan, and execute hand movements to grasp and use objects. For example, how does a person lift a cup of coffee without spilling or a factory worker line up a Phillips-head screwdriver with the grooves on a screw? Although we perform these tasks routinely without giving them too much thought, dexterous manipulation is one of the most complex and least understood human skills and one that still limits the utility of robots in industry. Of particular interest is understanding the brain mechanisms that allow people to learn to manipulate an object one way (e.g., to lift a mug by the handle) and then apply that knowledge differently (e.g., to lift the same mug by its sides). The investigators are working towards a comprehensive theory, at both the neural and behavioral levels, of how people learn and generalize these hand-object interactions. The results may inspire new robotic manipulators that are more dexterous, with human-like ability to generalize a learned motor behavior to novel contexts. The work may also influence development of more dexterous neuroprosthetics. The project's other broader impacts include a public lecture and discussion on the social and ethical implications of human-robot systems and participation in the "Science Cafe" series hosted by the Arizona Science Center. |
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2021 | Santello, Marco Zhao, Kristin Daigle (co-PI) [⬀] |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
@ Arizona State University-Tempe Campus PROJECT SUMMARY The human hand plays a critical role in performing many daily activities including self-feeding, tool use, and recreation. Therefore, loss of the hand due to traumatic injury or disease can significantly limit or interfere with the ability of persons with limb loss to perform daily activities and work, thus greatly affecting overall quality of life. Despite advances in prosthetic hand design and research, several barriers to widespread acceptance of prosthetic hands by persons with upper limb loss remain, including limited ability to perform daily activities and poor durability of the prosthetic hand. Therefore, today?s commercially-available myoelectric hand prostheses fail to address the needs of persons with limb loss, i.e., regaining some degree of autonomy, functionality, and re-entry into the work force. To address these gaps, in the past few years we have investigated the extent to which an artificial anthropomorphic hand originally designed for robotic grasping and manipulation ? the SoftHand ? could be used for prosthetic applications through a non-invasive myoelectric controller ? the SoftHand Pro (SHP). The novel design of the SHP is the only prosthetic hand in the world that combines the concept of human hand synergies and soft robotics technologies. The results of preliminary functional assessments and biomechanical analyses revealed that individuals with upper limb loss could perform a variety of grasping and manipulation tasks with the SHP at levels similar or superior to those of their preferred prosthetic device. Additionally, subject surveys reported positive feedback about the ease and comfort associated with using the SHP. This feedback was also instrumental in making software and hardware improvements to make the hand lighter and able to grasp and manipulate small objects. We propose to determine the extent to which the SHP can address three critical needs of transradial amputees that are not met by commercially-available hand prostheses: function, versatility, and robustness. We will attain this objective by comparing its function, versatility, and robustness with a commercially-available multi-digit prosthetic hand, the i-limb (Ossur). We will pursue three aims: (1) to determine the extent to which performance of grasping and manipulation tasks using the SHP is superior to the i-limb, (2) to determine the extent to which daily use of the SHP and i-limb over an extended period of time improves grasping and manipulation performance, and (3) to obtain SHP usage patterns and subjects? satisfaction ratings from using the SHP and i-limb. We will test the hypotheses that (1) the SHP will outperform the i-limb, and (2) daily use of both prosthetic hands over an 8-week period each will lead to significantly greater improvement in grasping and manipulation performance with the SHP than the i-limb. We will obtain usage and survey data collected through the SHP and i-limb firmware during daily use to complement data obtained in Aims 1 and 2 to explore daily use. This proposed work is significant because it will shed insight on whether an innovative soft synergy- based prosthetic design allows for function, versatility and robustness not available in commercial prostheses. |
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2022 — 2025 | Tyler, William Mcgregor, Keith (co-PI) [⬀] Reid, Meredith (co-PI) [⬀] Blais, Christopher (co-PI) [⬀] Santello, Marco |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
@ University of Alabama At Birmingham This project aims to combine information and methods from neuroscience and biomedical engineering to map brain circuits that underlie human cognition, emotion, and decision making. Research has shown that these circuits are compartmentalized into specific anatomical regions, which give rise to characteristic brain activity patterns and behavioral responses to stimuli. Advanced imaging methods have been developed to passively localize functional brain anatomy; however, methods are lacking that allow for non-invasive mapping at similarly high resolutions by actively modulating human brain activity. Such methods are needed to inform the development of advanced medical treatments for cognitive and mental health disorders, and to advance next-generation brain-computer interface technologies. Therefore, this project has been designed to achieve three major goals: 1) advance state-of-the-art, functional human brain mapping and brain-computer interface methods, 2) increase the detail of information regarding circuit mechanisms that give rise to human cognition and emotion, and 3) demonstrate potential new approaches to treating brain disorders and injuries. Insights gained from this project can lead to important new insights into the mechanisms by which human deep-brain activity gives rise to cognitive-emotional behaviors, such as social thought processes, impulsivity, and affect.<br/> <br/>To achieve these goals, low-power ultrasound will be pulsed and focused across the skull of human participants into specific anatomical brain regions using image-guided methods to modulate local activity at high spatial resolutions while: 1) recording learning and decision-making outcomes under different behavioral reward and emotional conditions; 2) recording changes in electrical brain activity; and 3) recording changes in the anatomical distribution and concentration of neurotransmitter metabolites. Results from analyses of these data will provide new, high-resolution information regarding how different brain regions cooperate to account for learning and emotion during decision making. The project includes the creation of a national Focused Ultrasound Science and Education program to broaden participation, expand training opportunities, improve education, and cultivate knowledge in neuroscience, engineering, and medicine. Data collected, analytical reports produced, and methods developed in this project will be made publicly available in the Focused Ultrasound Science and Education data repository.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria. |
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