John Troy - US grants
Affiliations: | Northwestern University, Evanston, IL |
Area:
Cell Biology, Signal Transduction, Vision ScienceWe are testing a new system for linking grants to scientists.
The funding information displayed below comes from the NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools and the NSF Award Database.The grant data on this page is limited to grants awarded in the United States and is thus partial. It can nonetheless be used to understand how funding patterns influence mentorship networks and vice-versa, which has deep implications on how research is done.
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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, John Troy is the likely recipient of the following grants.Years | Recipients | Code | Title / Keywords | Matching score |
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1983 — 1985 | Troy, John | N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Spatio-Temporal Filtering in Lateral Geniculate Nucleus @ Northwestern University |
1 |
1986 — 2003 | Troy, John B | R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Retinal Ganglion Cell Processing of Spatial Information @ Northwestern University The long-term objective of this research project is to fully characterize the retinal input to the mammalian brain. This information is essential if we hope to restore vision, either through synthetic or biological means, to those blinded through retinal diseases. Through decades of research we have learned much about how the mammalian retina encodes the visual world, but substantial gaps in our knowledge remain before realistic quantitative models of retinal image coding can be developed. The research proposed in this application seeks to fill two of these gaps. First, evidence is growing which threatens the foundation of our understanding of how the eye encodes visual information. Traditionally, retinal ganglion cells have been though to transmit neural messages by independently modulating their rates of discharge of action potentials. Simultaneous recordings from pairs or more of neurons in cats and other vertebrates have shown, however, that the spike trains of retinal ganglion cells are temporally correlated. The correlated firing events have the potential to encode more information than is possible were ganglion cells independent encoders of the visual scene. One major objective of this proposal is too determine whether a coding scheme based on correlated firing of cell groups is more plausible than one based on single cell firing for the mammalian retina. Second, a realistic model of how the retina represents visual images requires detailed information about the array of ganglion cell receptive fields and the spatiotemporal integrative properties of these fields. While we recently have very good quantitative descriptions of the spatiotemporal transfer functions of ganglion cells, we lack physiological maps of the array of ganglion cell receptive fields. Instead, we have anatomical maps of the array of ganglion cell dendritic fields. The other major objective of this proposal is to determine whether these anatomical maps can correctly substitute for the physiological maps which are more difficult to measure. |
0.958 |
2004 — 2005 | Troy, John B | R21Activity Code Description: To encourage the development of new research activities in categorical program areas. (Support generally is restricted in level of support and in time.) |
A Nanoelectrode For Neurophysiology &Neuroprosthetics @ Northwestern University DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to develop a nanoelectrode that can be used to record from and stimulate individual neurons of the intact brain. Such an electrode would permit neuroscientists to investigate, as never before accomplished, the role of single and groups of neurons in brain function. During any task, cognitive, motor, or perceptual, neurons discharge their action potentials in complex asynchronous patterns. The discharges are noisy and debate continues about how neural messages are encoded in neural discharge patterns. Without the ability to externally control the discharges of neurons independently of one another, something that is impossible with current technology, neuroscientists simply lack the tools needed to systematically attack the key question of how information is encoded in neuronal discharges. Without this basic understanding of how the discharges of neurons contribute to brain function, there is really no hope that artificial neural control systems could be developed which truly replicate the behavior of lost neural tissue. Modern techniques in nanofabrication will be used to build the nanoelectrodes. These techniques should permit the probes to be produced in mass quantities with uniform dimensions and physical and chemical properties. Templating techniques will be used, enabling a potentially wide array of nanostructures, including coaxial arrangements of different materials, to be fabricated with high reproducibility. The longterm objective of this work is to use nanoelectrodes in neuroprosthetic devices, providing designers with more precise control of neural activity than previously imaginable. If successful, the prospect of restorating close to normal function in human patients with neural disorders would take a big step forward. |
0.958 |
2006 — 2011 | Troy, John Dikin, Dmitriy Singer, Joshua Ruoff, Rodney (co-PI) [⬀] |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Idbr: Nanoengineered Enhancements to the Patch-Clamp Technique @ Northwestern University This award supports a project that will improve instrumentation used for patch-clamp measurements for recording the electrical potential of individual cells. The patch-clamp method is the most widely used method for this purpose; 26,000 research publications have cited the method since 1975, half of these appearing in the last five years. Despite this widespread use, the method has a number of well known limitations that arise from the equipment used. In particular, it is difficult to obtain and to sustain more than one recording at a time, making studies of the electrical activity of individual members of cellular networks difficult. Moreover, the quality of recordings deteriorates with time, and the recording bandwidth is limited. Through the development of new instrumentation undertaken with the support of this award, long-duration, multiple-site recordings will be easier to obtain, and high bandwidth signals will be more accessible. Traditional patch clamp systems employ a glass pipette to contact the cell with an Ag/AgCl electrode located at a fixed position far from the pipette tip. Introduction of any cellular or other debris near the tip interferes with reliable measurement. In the device to be developed, a movable nanoelectrode can be advanced forward and through the tip to clear such debris. This modification alone is expected to alleviate most of the current patch clamp limitations. While the proposed device will be more complex than a standard patch clamp electrode, the project's goal is development of a device that will integrate easily into existing patch clamp systems. This approach of adapting the design to systems currently in use should encourage rapid acceptance of the new tool among electrophysiologists, significantly increasing the likely impact it will have on the progress of biological research over the next decade. The PI has been active in development of new curricula and other activities that serve both neuroscience and bioengineering. Because of the extensive use of the patch-clamp in a variety of areas of neuroscience and cell biology, successful development of the proposed device can be expected to have a broad impact on biological research. |
1 |
2009 — 2017 | Troy, John Pepperberg, David (co-PI) [⬀] Shippy, Scott (co-PI) [⬀] Qian, Haohua (co-PI) [⬀] Saggere, Laxman [⬀] |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
@ University of Illinois At Chicago ABSTRACT for EFRI-BSBA: Nanoactuation and Sensing of Neural Function for Engineering Future Biomimetic Retinal Implants and Therapies |
0.942 |
2014 — 2017 | Troy, John Liu, Shu |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Neuroprotective Engineering Based On Innate Responses to Stroke @ Northwestern University PI: Liu, Shu Q. |
1 |
2022 — 2025 | Troy, John Liu, Rui Zhang, Yunbo (co-PI) [⬀] |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
@ Rochester Institute of Tech Machining is an essential component of the manufacturing process that has played a significant role in every industrial revolution. Machinists, as machine tool operators, are important members of the skilled technical workforce, and require long-term and professional training or education. As many new concepts and technologies are being introduced in the machining industry to satisfy the requirements of Industry 4.0, the corresponding revision of machinist training must also take place. This project will improve and modernize existing machinist training and education in response to the new requirements of the machining industry in the era of Industry 4.0. It is expected that the local machining industry, an important economic pillar of the Finger Lakes region in New York State, will benefit significantly from increasing the pool of available skilled workers and meeting the new demands of machining knowledge and skills. |
0.916 |