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High-probability grants
According to our matching algorithm, Joy Geng is the likely recipient of the following grants.
Years |
Recipients |
Code |
Title / Keywords |
Matching score |
2012 — 2016 |
Geng, Joy |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Mechanisms of Attentional Rejection @ University of California-Davis
The ability to pay attention to information relevant to our current goals is a cornerstone of successful behaviors. However, distraction is inevitable when we are engaged in activities that take time to accomplish. To act efficiently, our brains must rapidly identify distracting sensory signals as being task-irrelevant and move our attention to a new object or location with greater potential relevance. With funding from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Joy Geng of the University of California at Davis is investigating how people suppress processing of distracters that have captured their attention in order to continue on with goal-oriented behaviors. The investigators use eye-tracking and behavioral psychophysics to determine how object processing is prioritized based on the current behavioral and environmental context. Analyses of these data reveals the critical features of objects that determine the likelihood of distraction in the first place and then the efficiency with which attention can be disengaged from it and returned to current goal-oriented task. In conjunction with the behavioral experiments, the investigators use functional magnetic resonance imaging and event-related potentials to identify the brain networks involved in terminating attentional processing of distracters, and the timing of the cognitive components involved. The behavioral and brain projects are synergistic in identifying the key cognitive mechanisms that support the ability to control goal-oriented behaviors and the neural systems in humans that underlie them.
Goal-oriented behaviors require time to accomplish, but today's world is filled with constant sources of distracting information that frequently cannot be ignored. This project investigates the mechanisms by which efficient rejection of distracting information occurs. The research will help explain how to limit the amount of time that a distracting event interrupts an ongoing goal. The broader impacts of this research are likely to be significant, given the incredible quantity of information we encounter on a daily basis in the classroom, workplace, and even while driving or interacting with friends and family. For example, findings from the proposed research may promote the development of procedures that help children to actively deal with distraction (rather than to try to avoid it) in a way that allows them to return to their current task more efficiently. In addition, a better understanding of how attention resolves interference will provide insight into psychiatric disorders characterized by dysfunctions of attention to relevant and away from irrelevant sources of information.
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1 |
2015 — 2018 |
Geng, Joy |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
The Role of Mental Templates in Distractor Suppression: Brain and Behavior @ University of California-Davis
We all experience distraction, but the ability to limit it appropriately is essential for the successful accomplishment of daily tasks, academic goals, and professional advancement. This is particularly true in the digital age we live in where we are constantly bombarded with sensory stimuli and information content. However, despite its fundamental importance for human behavior, we know relatively little about the underlying brain and cognitive mechanisms of distractor suppression. In the proposed work, we will investigate the core brain networks and mental representations that control distractor suppression and furthermore examine why some individuals are more efficient at it than others. The proposed work will help develop evidence-based approaches for dealing with distractor suppression in a variety of situations including psychiatric disorders (e.g., ADHD, schizophrenia), declines during healthy aging, or when sustained attentiveness is important but difficult to maintain (e.g., driving).
The proposed work is designed to identify how healthy humans suppress distractions using a number of behavior and brain-based methods including eye-tracking, fMRI, and EEG. The specific aims of the project are: (1) to examine how the mental template (of task-relevant information) that is held in working memory determines the speed of distractor rejection, and to understand how individual differences in the quality of the mental template affects the ability to reject distractors; (2) to identify the neural representation of the mental template and use it to predict the speed of distractor rejection (i.e., the time necessary to suppress processing of distractors that have captured attention); and (3) to understand how the mental template sets attentional priority and the temporal dynamics between distractor suppression and target selection. Distraction may be inevitable in our dynamic and often unpredictable world and therefore our ability to suppress it efficiently confers tangible advantages for our ability to pursue and complete our goals. This proposal tackles the problem of understanding the mechanisms of distractor suppression by identifying the behavioral metrics that define its speed and the brain representations that underlie it. The proposed work will advance knowledge by filling the gap in understanding of how we reject distractors and why we differ from one another in the ability to do so.
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1 |
2018 — 2021 |
Geng, Joy |
R01Activity Code Description: To support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing his or her specific interest and competencies. |
Quantifying the Attentional Template @ University of California At Davis
PROJECT SUMMARY Attention is a set of core cognitive functions that supports purposeful behaviors. Attention is necessary for accomplishing daily activities such as locating groceries at a shop, ingredients in the kitchen, car keys on the desk, or a friend at a party. One mechanism of attention that supports these behaviors involves the maintenance of information about the task goal, or the target objects, within an attentional template over time. The concept of a template is ubiquitous in models of attention, but little is known about its mechanisms. Recent evidence suggests that there is considerable variability in the quality and contents of information held in the template over time and individuals. The purpose of this proposal is to understand why that occurs, and the consequences of variability on behavioral performance. We will build convergent evidence using a combination of methods including: behavioral testing of individuals across the full spectrum of attentiveness, fMRI patterns and network analyses in healthy young adults, and behavioral testing of patients with prefrontal lesions due to stroke.
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1 |