| Nashat Abumaria | | | | | Eberhard Fuchs (grad student) |
| Narziß Ach | | | | | |
| Jürgen Aschoff | Chronobiology | | | | Hermann Rein (research scientist) |
| Hansjochem Autrum | Ethology | | | | |
| Mathias Bahr | neurodegeneration | | | | |
| Niko Balkenhol | | | | | |
| Mark C. Bellingham | Synaptic and respiratory neurobiology | | 1990 | 1992 | Diethelm W. Richter (post-doc) |
| Florian Bilz | | | | | André Fiala (grad student) |
| Otto Binswanger | | | | | Ludwig Meyer (post-doc) |
| Stefan Bode | Decision-making, fMRI, multivariate pattern classification | | | | Thomas Rammsayer (research assistant), Nicole von Steinbuechel (research assistant) |
| Friedrich Bonhoeffer | Nervous system development; Retinotectal projection | | | | Arnold Rudolf Karl Flammersfeld (grad student) |
| Ladislaus Bortkiewicz | Poisson distribution | | | 1892 | Wilhelm Lexis (grad student) |
| Christoph Brase | otorhinolaryngology | | | | Ivan Manzini (grad student) |
| Ludwig Joseph Brentano | | | | 1867 | Johann Alphons Renatus von Helferich (grad student) |
| David Ronald Brown | Neurodegeneration, glia, prions, synculein, secretases | | 1993 | 1997 | Hans A. Kretzschmar (grad student) |
| Johann Wilhelm Christian Brühl | anatomy | | | 1781 | Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (research assistant) |
| Daniela Buchwald | | | | | Florentin Wörgötter (grad student) |
| James McKeen Cattell | | | 1880 | 1882 | Rudolf Hermann Lotze (research assistant) |
| Büşra Çoban | | | | | André Fiala (grad student) |
| Kristina Corthals | | Cellular Neurophysiology | | | Bart R. H. Geurten (grad student) |
| Werner Otto Carl Creutzfeld | | | | | |
| Eva Czirr | Neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease | | 2001 | 2002 | Sigrid Hoyer-Fender (research assistant) |
| Biagio D'Aniello | | | | | Dietrich Meyer (post-doc) |
| Tal Dankovich | | | | | |
| Susanne Dehmel | | | | | Rudolf Rübsamen (grad student) |
| Stephan Deimel | | | | | André Fiala (grad student) |
| Heinrich Düker | | | | | Narziß Ach (grad student) |
| Thomas Effertz | Auditory System, Mechanotransduction | | 2008 | 2011 | Martin C. Göpfert (grad student) |
| Walter H. Ehrenstein | Psychophysics, Neuroscience, Perception, Ergonomics | | 1972 | 1977 | Suitbert Ertel (grad student) |
| Norbert Elsner | | | | | Franz Huber (grad student) |
| Lisa Epple | | | | | André Fiala (grad student) |
| Suitbert Ertel | psychophonetics, semantic/emotional space/scaling, Gestalt theory | | | | |
| Johann Christian Polykarp Erxleben | physics and veterinary medicine | | | | |
| André Fiala | Learning and Memory | | | | |
| Andre Fischer | Epigenetics, Alzheimer's disease, Learning&Memory | | | | Li-Huei Tsai (post-doc), Jelena Radulovic (grad student) |
| Alexander Fluegel | Multiple Sclerosis, Nerve inflammation | | | | |
| Johann Peter Frank | public health reformer | | | | |
| Hanna Franz | | | | | André Fiala (grad student) |
| Eberhard Fuchs | stress, depression, aging | | | | |
| Yogesh Gadgil | | | 2021 | | André Fiala (grad student) |
| Vranda Garg | | Cellular Neurophysiology | 2019 | | Bart R. H. Geurten (grad student) |
| Georg Matthäus Gattenhof | anatomy, medicine, botany | | | 1748 | Victor Albrecht von Haller (research assistant) |
| Bart R. H. Geurten | Insect Neuroethology, Computational Modelling, Machine Learning | Cellular Neurobiology | 2011 | 2022 | Martin C. Göpfert (post-doc) |
| Sebastian Gliem | olfaction | | | | Ivan Manzini (grad student) |
| Johann Friedrich Gmelin | chemistry, botany | | | | |
| Dennis Goldschmidt | neuronal circuits, behavior, cognition, foraging, learning, memory | Faculty of Physics | 2012 | 2015 | Florentin Wörgötter (research assistant) |
| Tim Gollisch | Retina | | | | |
| Martin C. Göpfert | Cellular Neurobiology | | | | Daniel Robert (post-doc), Ansgar Büschges (research scientist), Lutz Thilo Wasserthal (grad student) |
| Kurt Gottschaldt | | | | | |
| Christoph Gudermann | | | | 1841 | Carl Gauß (Gauss) (grad student), Bernhard Friedrich Thibaut (research assistant) |
| Konstantin Gusev | Cardiology | | | | |
| Robert Gütig | spike based information processing, learning | | | | |
| Helmut Haas | | | | | |
| Claire Hancock | | | | | André Fiala (grad student) |
| Karl Ewald Hasse | Pathology and medicine | | | | |
| Thomas Hassenklöver | olfaction, stem cells, neurogenesis | | | | Ivan Manzini (grad student) |
| Berthold Hedwig | | | | | Norbert Elsner (grad student) |
| H.D. Henatsch | | | | | |
| Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle | pathology and anatomy | | | | |
| Victor Henri | | | | 1898 | Georg Elias Müller (grad student) |
| Claire Herzog | | | | | Eberhard Fuchs (post-doc) |
| Karl Friedrich Heusinger | | | 1812 | 1813 | Karl Gustav Himly (research assistant) |
| Christian Gottlob Heyne | Classical philology | | | | |
| Karl Gustav Himly | ophthalmology | | | 1794 | August Gottlieb Richter (grad student) |
| Maarten Hofman | | | 2014 | | Matt W. Hayward (grad student) |
| Sigrid Hoyer-Fender | | | | | |
| Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland | Macrobiotics | | 1781 | 1783 | Georg Christoph Lichtenberg (grad student), August Gottlieb Richter (research assistant), Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (research assistant), Ernst Gottfried Baldinger (research assistant) |
| Shariful Islam | | | | | |
| Reinhard Jahn | Neuroexocytosis | | | | Hans-Dieter Söling (grad student) |
| Manoj Kumar Jaiswal | Cellular Neuroscience, Calcium Imaging, Motoneuron disease, ALS, Synaptic trnasmission | | | | Bernhard U. Keller (grad student) |
| Öyküm Kaplan | Molecular neuroscience, synaptic plasticity, protein homeostasis, learning, memory | Molecular Neurobiology | | | Nils Brose (grad student) |
| David Katz | visual and tactual perception, motivation, and animal and child behavior | | | 1906 | Georg Elias Müller (grad student) |
| Bernhard U. Keller | | | | | |
| Theodoros Kokkoroyiannis | Neurophysiology; Reflex Physiology, Systems Physiology | | 1986 | 1989 | Yiannis Laouris (collaborator) |
| Maarten HP Kole | | | | 2003 | Eberhard Fuchs (grad student) |
| Birger Kollmeier | Hearing, audition | | | | Manfred Schröder (grad student) |
| Georg Ludwig König | | | | 1790 | Christian Gottlob Heyne (grad student) |
| Johannes Kornhuber | Dementia, Depression, Antidepressants, Prenatal Testosteron, 2D4D, Sphingolipids | | | | |
| Robert Kossen | Research Data Management, Temperature Sensation, Ion Channels | Cellular Neurophysiology | 2015 | 2019 | Bart R. H. Geurten (grad student) |
| Hans A. Kretzschmar | neurodegeneration, prions, neuropathology | | | | |
| Peter David Krukenberg | Pathology | | | 1810 | Karl Gustav Himly (grad student) |
| Uli Kuipers | neurophysiology; modeling; motor control; peace studies; structured dialogic design; brain-based learning | | 1986 | 1989 | Yiannis Laouris (collaborator) |
| Karl Lachmann | classics, philology | | | 1815 | Georg Friedrich Benecke (research assistant), Christian Gottlob Heyne (post-doc) |
| Thomas Ladewig | | | | | Bernhard U. Keller (grad student) |
| Conrad Martin Johann Langenbeck | surgery and ophthalmology | | | 1802 | August Gottlieb Richter (post-doc) |
| Yiannis Laouris | neurophysiology; modeling; motor control; peace studies; structured dialogic design; brain-based learning | | 1986 | 1989 | Uwe Windhorst (post-doc) |
| Andrew Benjamin Lehr | | | | | |
| Rudolf Leuckart | Zoology | | | 1848 | Rudolf Wagner (grad student), Rudolf Wagner (post-doc) |
| Freidrike Von Lewinsky | | | | | Bernhard U. Keller (grad student) |
| Justus Christian Loder | anatomy, surgery, obstetrics | | | 1777 | August Gottlieb Richter (grad student), Heinrich August Wrisberg (research assistant) |
| Nivedita Mani | Language Acquisition, Phonology, Lexical Processing | | | | |
| Ivan Manzini | Olfactory system | | | | Detlev Schild (post-doc) |
| Carlotta Martelli | | | | | André Fiala (post-doc) |
| William McDougall | psychology | | 1899 | 1900 | Georg Elias Müller (post-doc) |
| Johann Friedrich Meckel, Jr. | Anatomy | | 1801 | 1802 | Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (research assistant) |
| Johann Friedrich Meckel, the Elder | | | 1745 | 1748 | Victor Albrecht von Haller (grad student) |
| Georg Meißner | microanatomy, physiology | | | 1853 | Rudolf Wagner (grad student) |
| Ludwig Meyer | psychiatry | | | | |
| Dietrich Meyer | Neurobiology of Fishes | | | | |
| Erwin Meyer | Acoustics | | | | |
| Jestus Meyer-Lohmann | Neurophysiology; Reflex Physiology, Systems Physiology | | 1986 | 1989 | Yiannis Laouris (collaborator) |
| Christian Friedrich Michaelis | | | | 1778 | August Gottlieb Richter (grad student), Heinrich August Wrisberg (research assistant) |
| Tobias Moser | | | | | |
| Georg Elias Müller | psychology | | | 1873 | Rudolf Hermann Lotze (grad student) |
| Georg Elias Müller | Visual perception | | | | |
| Jakob Neef | Hearing, inner hair cell, ribbon synapse, Superresolution microscopy | | | 2010 | Tobias Moser (grad student) |
| Rolf Niedergerke | muscle | | 1947 | | Hermann Rein (grad student) |
| Ludmila Osipova | | Biology | 2015 | | Matt W. Hayward (grad student) |
| Daniele Panizza | Psycholinguistics, developmental language, semantic processing, pragmatic processing, implicatures, logical processing | | | | |
| Ulrike Pech | | | | | André Fiala (grad student) |
| Georg Heinrich Pertz | | | 1813 | 1819 | Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren (grad student) |
| Heinz Pick | Condensed matter physics | | | 1937 | Robert Wichard Pohl (grad student) |
| David Piepenbrock | Auditory System, Mechanotransduction | | 2008 | | Martin C. Göpfert (grad student) |
| Arezoo Pooresmaeili | | | | | Dominik R. Bach (post-doc) |
| Atefeh Pooryasin | | | | | André Fiala (grad student) |
| El Yazid Rachad | | | 2019 | 2023 | André Fiala (grad student) |
| Hermann Rein | Physiology | | | | |
| Natalia Hasel Revelo | Sensory physiology | | | | |
| Géza Révész | psychology | | | 1905 | Georg Elias Müller (grad student) |
| Adema Ribic | Circuit assembly and plasticity | | 2006 | 2009 | Eberhard Fuchs (grad student), Lutz Walter (grad student) |
| August Gottlieb Richter | surgery, ophthalmology | | | 1764 | Georg Gottlob Richter (grad student) |
| Diethelm W. Richter | Respiratory neurophysiology | | | | Ilya A. Rybak (collaborator) |
| Georg Gottlob Richter | | | | | |
| Thomas D. Riemensperger | Dopamine, Plasticity | | | | André Fiala (research scientist) |
| Silvio O. Rizzoli | pre-synaptic function, synaptic vesicle recycling | | | | |
| Johann Georg Roederer | Obstetrics | | | | |
| Edgar Rubin | Visual perception | | 1910 | 1920 | Georg Elias Müller (grad student) |
| Carl Runge | applied mathematics | | | | |
| Sebastian Russo | Anestesiology | | 1996 | 1998 | Christian Rosenmund (grad student) |
| Diego Giraldo Sanchez | | Cellular Neurophysiology | | | Bart R. H. Geurten (grad student) |
| Alfredo Sansone | Olfactory system | | | | Ivan Manzini (grad student), Biagio D'Aniello (research assistant) |
| Annekathrin Schacht | Emotion, Cognition, Affective Neuroscience | | | | |
| Silke Schicktanz | Ethics | | | | |
| Hajo Schiewe | oncology, neuroscience, natural products, chemistry | Organic Chemistry | 1994 | 1998 | Axel Zeeck (grad student) |
| Detlev Schild | Olfactory system | | | | |
| Klaus Schildberger | | | | | Friedrich-Wilhelm Schürmann (grad student) |
| Constanze Schmidt | | | 2008 | | Hans Strasburger (grad student) |
| Dietrich Schneider | Bombykol | | | | Hansjochem Autrum (grad student) |
| Helene M Schreyer | | | | | Tim Gollisch (grad student) |
| Manfred Schröder | | | | | Erwin Meyer (grad student) |
| Friedrich-Wilhelm Schürmann | | | | | |
| Johann Schwartzkopff | Auditory information processing | | | | Hansjochem Autrum (grad student) |
| Pingkalai R. Senthilan | Mechanosensation, Visual System | | 2007 | 2011 | Martin C. Göpfert (grad student) |
| Michael Sereda | | | | | |
| Sinem Meleknur Sertel | | | | | |
| Suhas Shrinivasan | | | 2021 | | Edgar Y. Walker (grad student) |
| Samuel Thomas Soemmerring | Anatomy and Physiology | | 1774 | 1778 | Heinrich August Wrisberg (grad student), Georg Christoph Lichtenberg (research assistant), Christian Gottlob Heyne (research assistant), Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (research assistant) |
| Jongwoo Son | Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Methodology and Medicinal Chemistry | Chemistry | 2018 | 2019 | Lutz Ackermann (post-doc) |
| Jochen Staiger | | | | | |
| Georg Wilhelm Stein, Sr. | Obstetrics | | | 1760 | Johann Georg Roederer (grad student) |
| Roman M. Stilling | Gut-Brain axis, Epigenetics, Histone acetylation | | 2009 | 2013 | Andre Fischer (grad student) |
| Hans Strasburger | vision, psychophysics, biopsychology, methods | | | | |
| Carl Stumpf | Experimental psychology | | 1865 | 1868 | Rudolf Hermann Lotze (grad student) |
| Claudio Tennie | | | | 2009 | Michael Tomasello (grad student), Josep Call (grad student) |
| Marc Timme | | | | 2002 | Theo Geisel (grad student) |
| Sebastian Timmler | myelination, neuron-myelin adhesion | | | | |
| Ullrich Trendelenburg | Autonomic nervous system | | 1946 | 1948 | Hermann Rein (grad student) |
| Julia Trommershäuser | decision-making, visuo-motor control, depth perception, 3D-space perception | | | | Annette Zippelius (grad student), Erwin Neher (grad student) |
| Roman Vakhrushev | Visual system, reward perception, attention | Perception and Congnition Lab | | | Arezoo Pooresmaeili (grad student) |
| Karl von Vierordt | Time perception | Chemistry | 1838 | 1839 | Conrad Martin Johann Langenbeck (research assistant), Friedrich Wöhler (grad student) |
| Rudolph Augustin Vogel | | | | | |
| Friedrich von Frerichs | | | | 1842 | Rudolf Wagner (grad student), Friedrich Wöhler (research assistant), Bernhard von Langenbeck (grad student) |
| Victor Albrecht von Haller | anatomy, surgery, medicine, physiology | | | | |
| Lorenz Wilhelm von Haselberg | | | 1784 | 1785 | August Gottlieb Richter (grad student), Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (grad student) |
| Johann Alphons Renatus von Helferich | | | | | |
| Katie M. Von Holzen | language acquisition, bilingualism, phonological processing, perceptual reorganization | | 2010 | | Nivedita Mani (grad student) |
| Bernhard von Langenbeck | surgery | | | 1835 | Conrad Martin Johann Langenbeck (grad student) |
| Nicole von Steinbuechel | | | | | |
| Rudolf Wagner | phsyiology | | | | |
| Lutz Walter | | | | | |
| James Ward | | | | | Rudolf Hermann Lotze (research assistant) |
| Christian Ehrenfried Weigel | Chemistry, Pharmacy, Botany, Mineralogy | | | 1771 | Rudolph Augustin Vogel (grad student), Johann Christian Polykarp Erxleben (research assistant) |
| Victor Frederick Weisskopf | | | | 1931 | Max Born (grad student), Eugene Paul Wigner (collaborator) |
| Annekathrin Widmann | | | | | André Fiala (post-doc) |
| Norbert Wiener | | | | | David Hilbert (post-doc) |
| Eugene Paul Wigner | | | 1927 | 1928 | David Hilbert (research scientist) |
| Jens Wiltfang | | | | | |
| Eckard Wimmer | | | | 1962 | Hans Brockmann (grad student) |
| Uwe Windhorst | experimental neurophysiology | | 1980 | 1993 | H.D. Henatsch (post-doc) |
| Friedrich Wöhler | Chemistry | | | | |
| Friedrich August Wolf | Classical philology | | | 1779 | Christian Gottlob Heyne (grad student) |
| Joachim Rudolf Wolff | | | | | |
| Aaron Benson Wong | Auditory system | | 2009 | | Tobias Moser (grad student) |
| Florentin Wörgötter | Computational Neuroscience, Reinforcement Learning, Robotics | | | | |
| Heinrich August Wrisberg | anatomy | | | 1764 | Johann Gottfried Zinn (grad student), Johann Georg Roederer (grad student) |
| Annette Zippelius | statistical physics, theory of neural networks, polymer chains, gels, granular media, biophysics | | | | |
| Karl Bernhard Zoeppritz | | | | 1907 | Emil Wiechert (post-doc) |